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Plasma Exhaust Processing Closing the Fuel Cycle

Plasma Exhaust Processing Closing the Fuel Cycle. 1 C. A. Gentile, 1 C. Priniski, 2 J. Sethian, 1 W. Blanchard, 1 L. Ciebiera, 1 F. Dahlgren, 1 G. Gettelfinger, 1 S. Langish 1 Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory 2 Naval Research Laboratory HAPL Workshop

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Plasma Exhaust Processing Closing the Fuel Cycle

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  1. Plasma Exhaust ProcessingClosing the Fuel Cycle 1C. A. Gentile, 1C. Priniski, 2J. Sethian, 1W. Blanchard, 1L. Ciebiera, 1F. Dahlgren, 1G. Gettelfinger, 1S. Langish 1 Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory 2 Naval Research Laboratory HAPL Workshop Oak Ridge National Laboratory March 21 - 22, 2006 * Please see poster: C. Priniski, et al. on T Collection & Purification

  2. Safe, economical processing is crucial to the success of fusion energy devices. At ≈ $3/Ci - $8/Ci one kg of T cost ≈ $29M - $78M. Perhaps more. Processing plasma exhaust has been demonstrated in an operational fusion environment (TFTR, JET). Deliver T (and D) back to target manufacturing in a timely manner. Closing the fuel loop in IFE reduces external handling (DOT 49 CFR) and burial site issues in support of a lower operational inventory. Motivation

  3. Requirements:

  4. Estimated Operational Parameters

  5. Components of Plasma Exhaust • Hydrogen isotopes (fuel) • Hydrocarbons (foam, over coating) • Trace metals (target coating) • Helium isotopes (decay, ash) • Nitrogen (in leakage) • Oxygen (in leakage) • Argon (in leakage) • Water (in leakage) • Other residue from components (walls, blankets, etc.) Question for target designers - Can protium be eliminated from target components?

  6. Facility Categorization • Maintain at risk Tritium Inventory at low levels for as long as possible (DOE Std 1027, DOE O 5480.23) • Lower regulatory categorization of facility. • Maintain calculated off-site doses from a credible accidental release low. • Safety Analysis Requirements/Reports/Documentation. * No 5480.23 safety analysis report (SAR) required

  7. Path Forward • Safety Primary Focus - Everything else flows from this position. • Analyze system flows to ensure a safe and efficient design. • Model system flows to identify and prevent bottlenecks in system. • Work with other sub-system groups (blanket, target fabrication) to ensure the T processing system integrates readily into overall project. • Provide a viable Conceptual Design Review (CDR) of System, employing formal technical Design Review process. • Investigate regulatory characterization strategy.

  8. Conclusion • To date the fusion fuel cycle has been successfully modeled at various laboratories around the world. • Two facilities have successfully processed plasma exhaust and closed the fusion fuel cycle on site. • The best experience from the T community including modeled and empirical venues will be integrated into the CDR. • A strategy driven ramp up plan for T use will be developed to minimize the effects of regulatory compliance and cost.

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