Today is a great day to learn about your BRAIN!!!

1. Today is a great day to learn about your BRAIN!!!

2. Human Brain

3. How do we know about the brain? • EEG- electrical activity of brain • CAT- 3D images • MRI- image of radio waves/ Hydrogen atom energy • PET- visual image of trace chemical activity after injection of radioactive substance

4. Electroencephalogram (EEG) • Electrodes are placed on the scalp that amplify recordings of the waves of electrical activity across the brain’s surface

7. Computed Tomography (CT or CAT Scan) • A series of X-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation of the brain

10. Position Emission Tomography (PET Scan) • A visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task

14. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) • A technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images that allow us to see structures within the brain

17. Accidents • Case study analysis of victims of suffer from a brain injury, resulting in variations in normal behavior • IE. Phineas Gage

18. Lesions • Lesioning is the removal or destruction of part of the brain. • IE. Lobotomy

19. Let’s Review • Get the most important idea worksheet • At your tables come up with what you think is the most important idea and then 5 supporting ideas

20. THE BRAIN AND ITS FUNCTIONS

21. Brain Stem • Medulla • Pons • cerebellum • Reticular Formation • Spinal cord

23. Spinal cord • Connects the brain to the body • Spinal reflexes occur here 

24. Brainstem • The oldest part of the brain • Is responsible for automatic survival functions • Located where the spinal cord swells and the brain just begins

26. Midbrain • The MIDBRAIN is also responsible for behaviors associated with hearing and sight • Pupil dilation and eyeball movement

28. PONS • The PONS is responsible for helping to regulate breathing, to help with sleep and wake cycles, and controls facial expressions

30. Medulla • The base of the brainstem • Controls life-supporting functions like heartbeat and breathing • Damage to this area can lead to death.

32. Medulla • The point at which the spinal cord enters the skull is called the MEDULLA • The MEDULLA controls heartbeat and breathing, blood pressure, and attention

34. Cerebellum • Latin for the “little brain” • Located in the rear of the brain • Helps coordinate voluntary movements and balance • If damaged, the person could perform basic movements but would lose fine coordination skills.

38. Reticular formation • The major area of the Midbrain is the RETICULAR FORMATION • The RETICULAR FORMATION extends from the spine to the thalamus, and is responsible for arousal/wakefulness and attentiveness

40. The MIDBRAIN is also responsible for behaviors associated with hearing and sight • Pupil dilation and eyeball movement

42. Okay let’s teach • Time to move • Shake hands with 4 different people. • Next touch 6 different walls • Stop await instructions 

43. Partner Up • Get a simile summary for the group of two • You may pick any part of the hindbrain and make up a simile • Have fun with this!

44. Welcome to the Limbic System

45. Limbic System • A ring of structures around the thalamus; at the border of the brainstem and cerebral cortex • Helps regulate memory, aggression, fear, hunger, and thirst • Includes the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala

47. Hypothalamus • Located directly under the front of the thalamus • Regulates eating, drinking, body temperature, and the fight or flight reactions to stress • Plays a role in emotions, pleasure, and sexual function

50. Pituitary Gland • Master gland • Part of the endocrine system • Regulates all glands within the body