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Sign up for AP Central. Period 3 Code: XWXNP4. Period 4 Code: ADXXPN. Contact, Conquest, Catastrophe. AIM: How did European exploration impact the lives of Native Americans?. Compare and contrast Settlement of the new world. Spanish French Dutch English

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  1. Sign up for AP Central • Period 3 • Code: XWXNP4 • Period 4 • Code: ADXXPN

  2. Contact, Conquest, Catastrophe AIM: How did European exploration impact the lives of Native Americans?

  3. Compare and contrast Settlement of the new world • Spanish • French • Dutch • English • Directions: Working with your partner create a chart that compares and contrasts  the Spanish, French, Dutch, and English colonization of the “New World.” Create categories for comparison.

  4. According to David Stannard, did Columbus discover America?

  5. I. People in Motion • From Siberia 15000 years ago. • Impact of Great Ice Age 1. Extinction of large mammals 2. Rise of agriculture

  6. Polynesian’s settle in Hawaii • Norsemen travel from Europe

  7. Map 1.1 p6

  8. II. European Overseas Expansion Policies A. China rejected any policy • Europe embraced it to compete with Islamic empire. • Portugal pioneered expansion to Asia, Africa and India: Slave trade • Spain: ultimately eclipses Portugal • Treaty of Tordesillas: 1494 divides non-Christian world b/w Spain and Portugal

  9. “the rich ate, and ate to excess, watched by a 1000 hungry eyes as they consumed their gargantuan meals. The rest of the population starved.”

  10. “Bring Out Your Dead” Monty Python

  11. The Inquisition

  12. III. Reasons for Exploration • Epidemic outbreaks, famine • Religious persecution • Cost of war necessitated more gold

  13. IV. The Encounter • A. Complex Societies in the America’s

  14. 1. The Incas in Peru, the Mayans in Central America, and the Aztecs in Mexico shaped complex civilizations: • These people built elaborate cities and carried on far-flung commerce. • They were talented mathematicians. • They offered human sacrifices to their gods.

  15. 2. The Earliest Americans • Social life was less elaborately developed. • Nation-states did not exist, except the Aztec empire. • The Mound Builders were in the Ohio River valley. • The Mississippian settlement was at Cahokia.

  16. p7

  17. 3. The Earliest Americans(cont.) • Three-sister farming—maize, beans, and squash—supported dense populations. • The Iroquois Confederacy developed political and organizational skills. • The natives had neither the desire nor the means to manipulate nature aggressively.

  18. p10

  19. Columbus’ First Impressionhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o9W1G3Tn31A

  20. C. Conquest • Repartmiento – enslaved the Indians to mines and plantations • Requerimiento – oath to Catholic Church, Pope, and Crown. • Swine Flu • Impact: Hispaniola pop. 8 million in 1496; extinct 1548

  21. p15

  22. D. When Worlds Collide • Columbian exchange • Introduced Old World crops and animals to the Americas.

  23. When Worlds Collide(cont.) 4. Introduction of horses: alters life of Indians • “Sugar Revolution: European Diet and Slave trade • Exchange of diseases: Small pox, typhus, influenza • Introduction of guns, other weapons and alcohol impact Native American society. • Intermarriage between Native Americans and Spanish and French settlers. a. English did not intermarry with Native Americans

  24. E. Native american’s resist • Refuse to accept or adapt European ways and beliefs. • Used warfare: King Philip’s War and the Pueblo Revolt (Pope’s Rebellion) • Moved westward to avoid Europeans • Formed alliances with some Europeans to resist and wage war on other Europeans Figure 1.2 p15

  25. Spanish Colonization • Encomienda System – regulate and control Native Americans. Crown granted colonists a set number of natives to take responsibility for. • Treatment of Native Americans • Juan de Sepulveda vs. Bartolome de Casas Spanish Mission System – intent on converting Accepted intermarriage and cross-racial sexual unions

  26. French Colonization • Verrazano, Cartier • Slow to develop colonies • Quebec and Louisiana • Used Trade Alliances and intermarriage with American Indians

  27. Dutch Colonization • Henry Hudson • Establish Dutch West India Company (private company) • Used trade alliances and intermarriage with American Indians

  28. F. Results • Creation of a Global Economy based on slave labor and staple crop production. • Following 100 years of European attempt to dominate Western Hemisphere.

  29. Summary • Genocide and the Holocaust: • Do they apply to what the Spanish did to the native people they encountered? • Was the motivation conscious greed for gold or unconscious disagreed for human life?

  30. SAQ: Short answer question • 11 minutes • Label each answer clearly a) b) c) • 1-3 sentences each. (This is NOT an essay give short succinct answers) • Stay within the box.

  31. Columbus believes it would work to their advantage to be kind to the Indians. • He would be appealing to the Church. He explains it would be easier to convert Indians through kindness. • The Repartmiento enslaved the Indians to mines and plantations and the Requerimiento made the Indians swear an oath to Catholic Church, Pope, and Crown or otherwise be killed.

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