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The Western Pioneers

Chapter 9 Section 1. The Western Pioneers. Americans Head West. In 1800, 387,000 white settlers lived west of Appalachian Mountains by 1820= 2.4 million Reasons for heading west: Religious reasons Chance to own their own land New opportunities for wealth John Louis O’Sullivan

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The Western Pioneers

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  1. Chapter 9 Section 1 The Western Pioneers

  2. Americans Head West • In 1800, 387,000 white settlers lived west of Appalachian Mountains • by 1820= 2.4 million • Reasons for heading west: • Religious reasons • Chance to own their own land • New opportunities for wealth • John Louis O’Sullivan • Magazine editor-> declare it was “manifest destiny” of Americans to settle all of the continent (West)

  3. Manifest Destiny

  4. Manifest Destiny

  5. Americans Head West • Farming New Lands • Farmers marked out the most fertile soil for their own • Squatters- settled on land that didn’t belong to them • Congressed passed the Preemption Act of 1830 • Gave squatters opportunity to claim and buy their land • Up to 160 acres, $1.25 per acre • Plows and Reapers • Jethro Wood-> patented iron blade plow (1819) • John Deere-> created a plow with sharp-edged steel blades (1837) • Cyrus McCormick-> mechanical reaper (1834)

  6. JethroWood

  7. John Deere

  8. Cyrus McCormick

  9. Settling the Pacific Coast • Latecomers to the Midwest headed to California and Oregon • Dividing Oregon • Oregon was shared by G.B. and the U.S. • Missionaries who were reaching out to N.A. in Oregon -> helped spread the word about settling Oregon • Populating California • California-> belonged to Spain • Gov. of California gave land to German immigrant John Sutter • Built a trading post and cattle ranch • 1845-> over 200 Americans settled their

  10. Settling the Pacific Coast • Trails West • Kit Carson and Jim Bridger-> gained knowledge of Pacific frontier from natives • Carved out several east-to-west passages-> played a vital role in settling the west • Most popular-> Oregon Trail • Wagon Train Life • Made the journey in covered wagons • at 1st Hired mountain men to help guide them • As trails became wornoverlandersfound their own way • Also used guidebooks • Read about the Donner Partyon pg.296. • Typical trip took 5 to 6 months-> traveling roughly 15 miles per day • Roles of men: • Roles of women:

  11. John Sutter

  12. Oregon Trail

  13. Oregon Trail

  14. Settling the Pacific Coast • Native Americans • Feared attacks by NA’s-> from 1840 to 1860, 362 travelers were killed by NA’s-> 426 NA’s were killed by travelers • NA’s were very helpful for most part • Gave food, info about routes, edible pants, and water sources • As travelers increased, NA’s feared they would loose their livelihood (Buffalo) • Led to Treaty of Fort Laramie • Promised NA’s land

  15. Mormon Migration • Read Mormon Migration on pg. 297 • Why did the Mormons head west? • What happened to Joseph Smith? • Who emerged as the new leader of the Mormons? • Describe the Mormon Trail.

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