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DIABETES BASICS

All school staff members should have basic knowledge of diabetes and know who to contact for help. This program aims to educate participants on what diabetes is, why care is required at school, basic components of diabetes care, and the consequences of diabetes in the short and long term.

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DIABETES BASICS

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  1. DIABETESBASICS

  2. Goal: Optimal Student Health and Learning All school staff members should have basic knowledge of diabetes and know who to contact for help.

  3. Learning Objectives Participants will be able to understand: • What is diabetes? • Why care at school is required • Basic components of diabetes care at school • Short and long term consequences of diabetes

  4. What is Diabetes? In diabetes: Body does not make or properly use insulin Insulin is needed to: Move glucose from blood into cells for energy If insulin isn’t working, high blood glucose results: Energy levels are low Dehydration Complications

  5. Type 1 Diabetes Autoimmune disorder Insulin-producing cells destroyed Daily insulin replacement necessary Age of onset: usually childhood, young adulthood Most common type of diabetes in children and adolescents

  6. SYMPTOMS: increased urination tiredness weight loss Type 1 Diabetes ONSET: relatively quick increased thirst hunger • dry skin blurred vision uncertain, both genetic and environmental factors CAUSE:

  7. Type 2 Diabetes Insulin resistance – first step Age at onset: • Most common in adults • Increasingly common in youth • overweight • inactivity • genes • ethnicity

  8. Type 2 Diabetes variable timeframe for children ONSET: tired, thirsty, hunger, increased urination SYMPTOMS: some children show no symptoms at diagnosis others are symptomatic with very high blood glucose levels

  9. Diabetes is Managed,But it Does Not Go Away. Maintain target blood glucose GOAL:

  10. Diabetes ManagementConstant Juggling - 24/7 Insulin/ medication with: Physical activity BG BG and Food intake BG

  11. Diabetes Management Routine Care: • Many students will be able to handle all or almost all routine diabetes care by themselves • Some students will need school staff to perform or assist with routine diabetes care Emergency Care: • ALL students with diabetes will need help in the event of an emergency situation

  12. Care in the Schools: School Nurses and Others A School nurse is most appropriate to: • Coordinate diabetes care • Supervise diabetes care • Provide direct care (when available) • Communicate about health concerns to parent/guardian and health care team However, a school nurse is not always available. Non-medical school staff can be trained to assist students: • For both routine and emergency care • Including insulin and glucagon administration

  13. Diabetes Medical Management Plan (DMMP) • Basis for all school-based diabetes care plans • Developed by student’s personal health care team and parent/guardian • Signed by a member of student’s personal health care team • Individualized • Implemented collaboratively by the school diabetes team: • School nurse • Student • Parent/guardian • Other school personnel

  14. Where to Get More Information American Diabetes Association 1-800- DIABETES www.diabetes.org National Diabetes Education Program/NIH www.ndep.nih.gov

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