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Wheat streak mosaic virus : The Host

Wheat streak mosaic virus : The Host. Infects both winter and spring wheat Symptoms in spring Earlier infection = greater yield loss Grassy weeds, volunteer wheat, corn, etc. can harbor both WSMV and the mite vector. WSMV: The Pathogen. Family Potyviridae , genus Tritimovirus

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Wheat streak mosaic virus : The Host

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  1. Wheat streak mosaic virus: The Host • Infects both winter and spring wheat • Symptoms in spring • Earlier infection = greater yield loss • Grassy weeds, volunteer wheat, corn, etc. can harbor both WSMV and the mite vector

  2. WSMV: The Pathogen • Family Potyviridae, genus Tritimovirus • Mite-transmitted virus • Wheat curl mite survives on green tissue

  3. Weed Host: Volunteer Wheat

  4. WSMV: The Environment • Warm, dry conditions favor mite reproduction

  5. X Wheat streak mosaic virus control • Early seeding of winter wheat favors mite and WSMV spread • Eliminate the green bridge • 3 week gap between herbicide and planting • Avoid spraying herbicide on volunteer wheat near spring wheat fields during cool, moist, windy weather • Do not plant wheat next to late-maturing (green) corn, which is also a mite host

  6. SDSU Extension Wheat streak mosaic virus • Infects both winter and spring wheat • Symptoms in spring • Earlier infection = greater yield loss • Grassy weeds, volunteer wheat, corn, etc. can harbor both WSMV and the mite vector • 5-10% yield loss/yr across Great Plains • 100% yield loss in individual fields

  7. WSMV: The Pathogen • Family Potyviridae, genus Tritimovirus • Mite-transmitted virus with 9.3 kb genome

  8. The life cycle of mite-transmitted wheat viruses

  9. Weed Host: Volunteer Wheat

  10. Which weeds are susceptible?

  11. Wheat virus survey, 2008 • 9 states in Great Plains Diagnostic Network (GPDN): WY, MT, CO, KS, OK, TX, SD, ND, NE • 5 Wheat viruses: • Wheat streak mosaic virus • High Plains virus • Triticum mosaic virus • Barley yellow dwarf virus – PAV • Cereal yellow dwarf virus – RPV • Supply costs funded by GPDN, Agdia Diagnostics prepared kits

  12. Increase in regional virus incidence? Vector （New York Times) SDSU Extension Host Pathogen Environment

  13. What will we learn from a wheat virus survey? • What the most prevalent viruses are in wheat • Where wheat viruses are distributed • Whether TriMV is present outside of KS (the answer is yes) • Impressions of: • Timing of infection • Incidence • Single or co-infections, relation to symptomatology • Affect of viruses on yield • Cropping system/management effects on wheat viruses • Variety resistance/tolerance

  14. Results so far • CO: WSMV, CYDV-RPV, HPV • KS: WSMV, HPV, TriMV • NE: WSMV, WSbMV (independent of this survey), TriMV, HPV, BYDV-PAV and CYDV-RPV • OK: WSMV, BYDV-PAV, TriMV • SD: BYDV-PAV • TX: WSMV, HPV and TriMV

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