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Great Plains Wheat Virus Survey

Great Plains Wheat Virus Survey. Mary Burrows Extension Plant Pathology Specialist Montana State University, Bozeman, MT. Overview. How we got into this Data from 2008 & 2009 Outcomes DD maps Future of survey. The scene: . 2006 NPDN meeting, GPDN state reports.

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Great Plains Wheat Virus Survey

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  1. Great Plains Wheat Virus Survey Mary Burrows Extension Plant Pathology SpecialistMontana State University, Bozeman, MT

  2. Overview • How we got into this • Data from 2008 & 2009 • Outcomes • DD maps • Future of survey

  3. The scene: 2006 NPDN meeting, GPDN state reports Wheat viruses were bad in our state this year (me) Hmm…this may be an opportunity to do some virology Ours too! (Jim Stack) Hmm…this may be an opportunity to show how the GPDN network can collaborate Ours too!

  4. Increase in regional virus incidence? Vector （New York Times) Host Pathogen Environment

  5. Process • The diagnosticians were interested to find out what viruses were in their states (TriMV had just been identified in KS) • Jim Stack volunteered to pay for the kits • Agdia put together kits for WSMV, TriMV, HPV, BYDV-PAV and CYDV-RPV • 2008-2010: processing samples that come into the clinic as part of routine diagnostics and surveys (depending on the state) • 2010: DD mapping

  6. Survey Protocol • Symptomatic or asymptomatic wheat samples coming into the diagnostic labs • Symptomatic winter wheat fields • State-wide wheat disease surveys • Other samples as part of regular extension activities by specialists • Samples processed via ELISA by the state lab or sent to MT • Samples were saved for further research activities (Charlie Rush, TX; Jacque Fletcher, OK; Steve Wegulo/Roy French, NE)

  7. Data from each wheat sample • Presence/absence and type of virus (ELISA) • Symptom severity and incidence (visual scale) • Date of sampling • Growth stage of plant • Geographical location (GPS if available) • Entered into PDIS as well as an Excel spreadsheet for ease of analyzing data

  8. What will we learn from a wheat virus survey? • What the most prevalent viruses are in wheat • Where wheat viruses are distributed • Whether TriMV is present outside of KS (the answer is yes) • Impressions of: • Timing of infection • Incidence • Single or co-infections, relation to symptomatology • Affect of viruses on yield • Cropping system/management effects on wheat viruses • Variety resistance/tolerance

  9. % of samples testing positive

  10. Outcomes • Information on prevalence and species of wheat viruses in the Great Plains region • WMoV and TriMV in all states → not regulated pests • Germplasm used for several research projects (MT, NE, OK, etc.) and successful collaborations • Manuscript in Plant Health Progress and APSnet Feature article • Raised awareness of wheat viruses in our cropping systems • Model for data sharing among states in GPDN region and NPDN • Interest in conducting wheat virus surveys in additional NPDN regions • Continued collaborations and greater understanding of cereal virus epidemiology and management. • Use of NPDN mapping functions and degree day models to deliver up-to-date information on wheat viruses during the 2010 cropping season and predict their occurrence (symptom development).

  11. Current status • Survey ongoing in 2010 • Samples feeding into research on TriMV in Nebraska (Wegulo), other states as requested • Bi-weekly updates to SPHDs, SPROs, and diagnosticians on virus status in GPDN

  12. Other research activities (MT) • Dai Ito: Winter, spring wheat, barley variety trials • Fall inoculations inefficient (~10% vs >50%) – probably due to cold temperatures and lack of systemic infection in the fall rather than winterkill • Widely planted winter wheat varieties in MT loose ~18% yield due to WSMV, spring wheats loose ~30% • Varieties vary in susceptibility as measured by symptom severity, incidence, and yield loss – one does not predict the other • Barley is resistant to mechanical inoculation by WSMV (susceptible to TriMV) • Greenhouse trials of winter wheat and weeds from 5 Great Plains states

  13. Susceptibility to WSMV as measured by % incidence in varieties from 5 Great Plains states

  14. Susceptibility to WSMV as measured by relative ELISA absorbance value in varieties from 5 Great Plains states

  15. Weeds vary in susceptibility to WSMV as measured by relative absorbance value

  16. Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) transmission by the wheat curl mite (WCM) from grassy weeds to wheat =conflicts with literature

  17. Other research activities (MT) • Zach Miller: Weed/grassy weed interactions as influenced by stress: nitrogen, WSMV

  18. Acknowledgements Dai Ito, Zach Miller, Matt Moffet, Linnea Skoglund GPDN: Jim Stack & all state reps and diagnosticians MSU County Extension Agents

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