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Hotel Rwanda

Causes of the Rwandan Genocide Of 1994. Hotel Rwanda. Have you seen my book??.

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Hotel Rwanda

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  1. Causes of the Rwandan Genocide Of 1994 Hotel Rwanda

  2. Have you seen my book??

  3. Once, Hutus and Tutsis lived in harmony in Central Africa. About 600 years ago, Tutsis, a tall, warrior people, moved south from Ethiopia. Though much smaller in number, they conquered the Hutus, who agreed to raise crops for them in return for protection. Origins of conflict

  4. Hutus and Tutsis • Belgian Colony • Favored Tutsis - taller, longer necks, slimmer noses, more European • Tutsis become elite minority(15%) • Tutsi Monarchy • Hutus become oppressed majority (85%)

  5. Identity Cards Issued by Belgians in 1933

  6. Hutus & Tutsis • Independence 1962 • end of colonialism, • Rwanda becomes a republic with a Hutu majority • Incidents of revenge, Hutus attacking Tutsis • But, most live in peace • Intermarriage, etc.

  7. 1973 Coup Defense Minister Habyarimana seizes power in a military coup. Promotes Hutu Power to justify his dicatorship. But most Rwandans continue to identify themselves as “Mixed” in Census Polls.

  8. Tensions Grow • 1979 RPF Rwandan Patriotic Front • Tutsi rebels • 1990 they invade Rwanda • President agrees to power sharing arrangement • Interhamwe - Hutu militia • Secretly funded by military • Allowed to run wild Rwandan Army - Funded by France

  9. Hutu Power Militant Hutu leaders fear losing power to RPF. Whip up old suspicions and hatreds. Exploit Hutu identity for political gain.

  10. Assassination of President Habyarimana • Arusha Accords between the Rwandan government and the RPF was brokered by the UN • April 6, 1994 - On his return from signing in Tanzania, the Rwandan presidents plane is shot down. • Tutsi rebels (RPF) are blamed. But could have been Interhame or the military • Trigger cause for the genocide. • “Cut the tall trees”

  11. GENOCIDEApril to July 1994 800,000 to 1 million Tutsis and moderate Hutus Were systematically killed By the Hutus

  12. Murambi Technical School

  13. What Did the World Community Do ? • -The UN appeared largely detached from the realities on the ground. • - Focus on evacuating only foreign nationals from Rwanda • Belgian peacekeepers forced to abandon a technical school filled with 2,000 refugees, while Hutu militants waited outside, drinking beer and chanting "Hutu Power." • After the Belgians left, the militants entered the school and massacred those inside, including hundreds of children.

  14. The Limited Role of the UN • UNAMIR - UN African Mission for Rwanda • Ignores abuses of Hutu gov’t • Peacekeepers can’t shoot • Intervention Force focuses on protecting foreign nationals • Troops w/drawn after 10 Belgians killed

  15. The Response of the World Community • "I still believe that if an organisation decided to wipe out the 320 mountain gorillas there would be still more of a reaction by the international community…than in attempting to protect thousands of human beings being slaughtered in the same country.” Dallaire

  16. Why Was America Reluctant to Help? July 1994 • America Still reeling from BHD • Reluctant to commit ground troops

  17. The World Got It Wrong • Hutus Flee Rwanda • World community reaches out to aid them • UN Refugee Camps controlled by Hutu militants

  18. Rwanda Today Books and Beyond Program Rwandan Schools form partnership with a school in New Jersey English replaces French in classrooms

  19. PRESIDENTKAGAME 2000 to Present Tutsi RPF Leader of liberation forces Critical of Western Response to Genocide Believes in Capitalism and Free Markets Rwanda Economic success story, but little political freedom

  20. The Mille Colline

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