All words have roots We can add suffixes and prefixes What is a suffix and prefix ?

1. Terror All words have roots We can add suffixes and prefixes What is a suffix and prefix? Come up with different endings to the word terror with your group.

2. Quick fire The group with the most wins. Each group now needs to apply these words using them in a sentence changing their use from adjective (describing word), verb (describing an action) and noun (describing a person, animal, idea). i.e. The classroom is in a terrible mess (adj) It was an act of terrorism (noun) The events of last week terrified me (verb).

3. Word use Words can change their purpose. Which use of the word contains more power/emotive effect for you? Why? Why is the noun perhaps most powerful?

4. What does a terrorist look like ? Write down your understanding of the word terrorism and three things you associate with this word

5. Terrorism • The word ‘terrorism’ when spoken or read can cause many emotive responses. Certain acts of terrorism have lead to International conflict and wars around the world. • Globally, countries are divided about how to tackle the problem or even what the word means. • At the moment, there is no agreed universal definition of the word ‘terrorism'. There are at least 109 known definitions of the word.

6. What does the word ‘terrorism’ mean? • Historically ‘terrorism’ simply means to terrify, and comes from the Latin term, terrere, to cause to tremble. • The U.K. Government definition of ‘terrorism’ can be described as the use of violence in order to accomplish political or social goals. How can people try to achieve their goals? • Protests, strikes, demonstrations and using your right to vote are all peaceful ways of expressing your ideas and concerns. • Terrorists feel that these methods are ineffective and the only way forward is to use violence to achieve their goals.

7. French Revolution Pre-reading The word ‘terrorism’ was first used in 1794 with connection to the 'Reign of Terror', led by the Jacobeans during the French Revolution. Mass execution became common and was used against people who were seen to be enemies to the French Revolution. It was during this ‘Reign of Terror’ that the guillotine became a popular device for execution.

8. Terrorism starts to change By the mid-twentieth century, the format of ‘terrorism’ was in the process of changing. Instead of governments intimidating their people with terror tactics, groups and individuals started to use acts of terrorism against their governments. During the Nazi occupation of France in WW2, a group naming themselves the French Resistance was created. Their main goal was to free their country from Nazi rule They carried out many attacks on the Nazis including blowing up bridges, ambushing Germans and carrying out assassinations on German officials. This resulted in the Nazi government labelling the group as terrorists. The French resistance saw themselves as “freedom fighters”

9. French Resistance

10. South Africa • South Africa also experienced acts of violent ‘terrorism’ due to its government called Apartheid. This simply meant ‘separate development’. • However, in reality it was a legal form of racial segregation. Black people were restricted to living in only certain areas. They were not even allowed to vote

11. Nelson Mandela • In response to this unjust system of ruling, the African National Congress was formed before the First World War. • They wanted to get rid of the Government and Apartheid and create a fair system of ruling based on Democracy. • During the 1960’s a decision was made to use more violent and aggressive tactics to bring about racial equality. • Bombing, sabotage and damage was some of the methods employed by the A.N.C. One of the African National Congress members was Nelson Mandela who later became the President of South Africa.

12. Free Nelson Mandela! In the 1960’s Nelson Mandela was accused of being a terrorist. He was found guilty and imprisoned for 27 years and later released in 1990. During his years in prison Nelson received huge global support. In 1988 music artists organised a massive music concert called the Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute. The aim was to put pressure on the South African Government to release him. It was watched all around the world. He was released two years later.

13. FREE AT LAST! • In 1993, Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. • He later became the South African President in 1994 and is often now seen as a figure of inspiration and a champion of peace. • Over time the view of Mandela as a terroristchanged dramatically

14. Northern Ireland The 1960’s saw many Nationalist based groups spring up. One group closer to home (Northern Ireland) were known as the Irish Republican Army or the I.R.A. They were in direct conflict with the British Government. They wanted to end British rule in Northern Ireland and carried out acts of ‘terrorism’ in order to achieve their goal. This resulted in an increase in tension between two groups- the Protestants and the Catholics. The Protestants were the majority in Northern Ireland and wanted Northern Ireland to remain British. The Catholics, however, were the minority and felt discriminated against. They claimed that the Protestants had better houses, better jobs and a better standard of living . They also felt that the police were spying on their communities

15. The I.R.A One group, the IRA had been formed in the early 1920’s to fight against what they felt was ‘British occupation’ of their country. Violence and rioting had reached alarming levels and led to the British army being sent to Northern Ireland. In 1984 the IRA targeted the UK cabinet and detonated a bomb at the Grand Hotel Brighton. The British army ended up staying there for another 38 years and finally left Northern Ireland in July 2007. Some former IRA members are now elected MPs who can vote in the House Of Commons

16. Pre reading task Think, pair share. What do the words: revolution, execution, intimidating, resistance, assassination, sabotage, democracy, British occupation mean. Apply these by using them in a sentence.

17. Timeline of Terrorism Using the information create a timeline showing the history of terrorism, adding pictures to aid memory.

18. MORE RECENT TERRORISM http://www.preventforschools.org/index.php?category_id=23

19. Thinking stems You now have time to practice in pairs You will be allocated points for using the keywords we have discussed. Acts of “Terrorism” changed during the 20th Century….. When people say “one man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter” they mean….. I think terrorists are….. Currently I consider…. Some people see terrorist acts just an illegal means to seek power and control in a society….. The real victims of terrorism are…..

20. Thinking stem points Revolution = 4 points Execution = 2 points Intimidating = 1 point Resistance = 5 points Assassination = 3 points Sabotage = 5 points Democracy = 5 points British occupation = 5 points Government = 2 points

21. Prayer Compassionate God, we are horrified at violencein so many parts of the world. Hold back the hands that kill and maim;turn around the hearts that hate.Grant instead your strong Spirit of Peace –peace that surpasses our understandingbut changes lives,through Jesus Christ our Lord.Amen