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Ecological Assessment of Developing Carbon Sequestration in Shenyang, China

Ecological Assessment of Developing Carbon Sequestration in Shenyang, China. Trend and Future of Sustainable Development Conference, 9-10th June 2011. Presenter: Zhang Tianlin 9th of June, 2011. Objectives.

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Ecological Assessment of Developing Carbon Sequestration in Shenyang, China

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  1. Ecological Assessment of Developing Carbon Sequestration in Shenyang, China Trend and Future of Sustainable Development Conference, 9-10th June 2011. Presenter: Zhang Tianlin 9th of June, 2011

  2. Objectives Obstacles and ecologically risk appraisal of developing carbon sequestration in urban terrestrial ecosystem The amount of green lands for carbon cycle balance and their distributions Feasibilities for carbon sequestration Climate policy decision for residents at local level (air quality control, long-term climate change strategies)

  3. Research questions • What are the primary resources of carbon emission in urban central area? • What are the risks for developing carbon sequestration in urban area? • How many trees should be planted for carbon neutral in urban terrestrial ecosystem? • What are the strategies for residents living in a low carbon environment? (Electricity consumption, natural gas and water uses, vehicle fuels consumption) • What is climate policy for citizens?

  4. Methods • Modelling the carbon cycle of urban ecosystem • Ecologically-based life cycle assessment (eco-LCA) • Geographical Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing application for making carbon sinks and population density distribution

  5. Modelling the carbon cycle of urban ecosystem

  6. Ecologically-Based Life Cycle Assessment (Eco-LCA) of Urban Ecosystem Calculate tree carbon sequestrating in addition of CO2 removal amount Ming Zhe Yuan Community as an example in urban central area and surrounding areas near the community are one small part for estimating urban sprawl CO2 removal rate. Carbon emission resource with reference to the data from wind direction frequency in urban meteorological station. Footprint characteristics of CO2 flux over the urban will be used for calculating the value of CO2 by heating equipments accumulating in the atmosphere.

  7. Land use plan for urban central area Central area of Shenyang City, 2005 Greenland distribution in central area of Shenyang Shenyang-Fushun urban agglomeration, land satellite image in 2010

  8. Analysis on composition of urban green lands in Shenyang

  9. Results • The ecological footprints testing case of a single family in the community • The carbon emission from households • Calculation of biomass and carbon take up rate 1.12×106 kg of CO2 have been taken up by forest trees per acrea in one day. • Carbon flow process in urban central area Main wind direction :east Carbon emission resource: motor cars and heating equipments

  10. According to the figure, the line equation can be drawn as y=-1.32+2.64x The equation can be expressed as: Log10M=-1.32+2.64log10D The reference data equation is very close to the Martin, et al equation. So, Equation used in calculation log10M = -1.25 + 2.66 log10D (Martin equation)

  11. Population density as an indicator for sustainable development In 2010, population density is 75471.8/km2 in urban central area.

  12. Future plan for green land reforestation in urban central area of Shenyang, China

  13. Findings • The primary resources of carbon emission are motor cars, heating equipments and activities of resident • High population density • Urban carbon cycle is imbalance • 8073.6 acres were needed to sequestrate those carbon emissions • 16 millions acres of green lands supposed to cover in the whole city. (21554.6 acres of total green lands in urban central area at the moment)

  14. Conclusion To live in a low carbon environment, the strategies for residents: 1.Control their electricity consumption less than 6.3kwh and 0.42 m3 of natural gas per dayfor the residents to use. 2.Use 144kg water every day. 3. For small car emission, people can basically drive less than 0.31 kilometres for the people every day living in Shenyang Local climate policy for the citizens in Shenyang, China • Use cleaner transport • Add energy-saving features to your home • Adopt energy-saving habits • Reduce your Food Footprint • Adopt water-saving habits • Reduce your Goods and Services Footprint

  15. List of literatures • Ayres, R.U., 1994. Industrial metabolism: Theory and policy. In: Ayres, R.U., Simonis, U.K. (Eds.), Industrial Metabolism: Restructuring for Sustainable Development. United Nations University Press, Tokyo, pp. 3–20 • Donna Eigen, October 09, 2010, trusted advice for the curious life, How Much Carbon Dioxide per Gallon of Gas, cited on 30.4.2011, available on, http://www.ehow.com/facts_7311765_much-dioxide-per-gallon-gas_.html • Environmental Science Activities for the 21st century project, 8 June,2010, Activity of Tree and Carbon, cited on 11.12.2010, available on, • http://amser.org/index.php?P=AMSER--ResourceFrame&resourceId=17038 • Environmental Science Activities for the 21st century project, 8 June, 2010, Activity of Ecological Footprint, cited on 11.12.2010, available on, • http://amser.org/index.php?P=AMSER--ResourceFrame&resourceId=17038 • Fahui Wang and Yanchun Meng, Department of Geography, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, Illinois 60112854, USA. Development Research Academy for 21st Century, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China, Analyzing Urban Population Change Patterns in Shenyang, China 1982-90︰Density Function and Spatial Association Approaches, Journal of Geographic Information Sciences, Vol.5, No.2, December 1999. • He Xingyuan, 6.4.2010, ISENLIN.cn, Development strategies and ecological planning of urban forest in the city of Shenyang, cited on 20.12.2010, available on, • http://www.isenlin.cn/sf_961485FD91874B91AAB12DC2018189C4_209_forest.html

  16. List of literatures • Jason and John Talberth 2005, "Refining the Ecological Footprint", a brief summary of the ecological footprint quiz (http://myfootprint.org/en/about_the_quiz/faq/), Centre for Sustainable Economy, cited on 30.4.2011, available on, • http://www.rprogress.org/publications/2006/RefiningEF_2006.pdf. • JIA Qingyu1，ZHOU Guangsheng2,3，WANG Yu3, Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang 110016, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change , Institute of Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100093 Footprint Characteristics of CO2 Flux over the Urban District of Shenyang City, Journal of act scientiae circumstance, 2010, 30 (8). • Justin Barnes, 2002. Earth Science of Hellum, Removal of Excessive Carbon from the Atmosphere, cited on 3.12.2010, available on, • http://www.helium.com/items/426893-removal-of-excessive-carbon-from-the-atmosphere • LU Qing Xuan, He Xing yuan, Zhuhua Ning, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Southern University and AM College, Louisiana 70813, USA. Studies on Vegetation Characteristics and Management Engineering of Shenyang Urban Forest, 1001-1714 (2006) 03-0007-04 • Martin, Kloeppel, Schaefer, Kimbler, and McNulty, Can J. For .Res. (1998) "Aboveground biomass and nitrogen allocation of ten deciduous southern Appalachian tree species”, 28: 1648-1659 •  Ministry of Environment, 11.10.2009, Sinks of Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change Mitigation (SYKE-CCM), cited on 1.4.2011, available on, • http://www.ymparisto.fi/default.asp?node=22554&lan=en

  17. List of literatures • Natural Resources Canada, the 2007 fuel consumption guide, Calculating Estimated Annual Carbon Dioxide Emissions, cited on 1.5.2011, available on, http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/publications/transportation/fuel-guide/2007/calculating-co2.cfm?attr=8 • Qin Zhiqin, Zhang Pingyu, 2011. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agro ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China. Simulation Analysis on Spatial Pattern of Urban Population in Shenyang City, China in Late 20th Century, Journal of Chinese Geographical Science, 2011 21(1) 110-118, • Richard A. Houghton, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Centre, Carbon Flux to the Atmosphere from Land-Use Changes 1850-2005, cited on 3.12.2010, available on, http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/landuse/houghton/houghton.html • Robert H. Socolow (July 2005). "Can We Bury Global Warming?” Scientific American: 42.CHINAXINJIANG, Focus on Arbor Day in China, 3.10.2010, China's Large-Scale Afforestation Enables Forest Carbon Sinks Continue To Grow, retrieved on 5.5.2011,available on, http://en.chinaxinjiang.cn/11/03/201003/t20100310_19286.htm • Staff Writers Washington DC (SPX), Apr 11, 2011, TERRADAILY.NEWS ABOUT PLANET EARTH, Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities, cited on 1.5.2011, available on, http://www.terradaily.com/reports/Climate_Change_Poses_Major_Risks_For_Unprepared_Cities_999.html • Staff Writers, Tempe AZ (SPX) Feb 08, 2008, TERRADAILY.NEWS ABOUT PLANET EARTH, Urban Ecology of Taking Measure of the impacts of Coming Megacity, cited on 30.2.2011, available on, http://www.terradaily.com/reports/Urban_Ecology_Taking_Measure_Of_The_Coming_Megacity_Impact_999.html

  18. List of literatures • Staff writer of sciences and technology.org, 11.12.2010, Calculation of carbon emissions and electricity conversion formula, cited on 25.4.2011, available on, http://www.it28.com/msg.php?id=9978 • Staff Writers Berkeley CA (SPX) Apr 19, 2011, TERRADAILY NEWS ABOUT PLANT EARTH, Location and Lifestyle Matter When It Comes to Carbon Footprints, cited on 20.4.2011, available on, http://www.terradaily.com/reports/Location_And_Lifestyle_Matter_When_It_Comes_To_Carbon_Footprints_999.html • Southwest Partnership CO2 Sequestration, pioneers in the carbon economy, 2010, Carbon Sequestration, Cited on 2.12.2010, available on, http://www.southwestcarbonpartnership.org/CO2Seq.aspx • S. Anderberg (1998), "Industrial metabolism and linkages between economics, ethics, and the environment", Ecological Economics, 24, pp 311-320 • Sir Peter Scott (1909-1989), WWF, IUCN and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Ecological Balance, retrieved on 28.4.2011, available on. http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/teacher_resources/webfieldtrips/ecological_balance/ • Steve Rankin, 23.Nov, 2010, article alley of free content, The Total Construction Industry Accounted for 50% of Carbon Emissions Designer Offer Advice for Heating, cited on 28.4.2011, available on, http://www.articlealley.com/article_1859966_15.html

  19. List of literatures • The United Kingdom's international organisation for cultural relations and educational opportunities, British Council in China, carbon footprint calculator, retrieved on 15.4.2011, available on, http://www.britishcouncil.org.cn/climatecool/Carbon_Calculator_Flash_of_China_Website/Chinese_Version/deploy/ • UNITED STATE, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, 15.4.2011, Climate change and Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Human-Related Sources and Sinks of Carbon Dioxide, retrieved on 20.4.2011, available on, http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/co2_human.html • USGS science for a changing world, earth explorer, 29.11.2010, Shenyang-Fushun urban agglomeration (China) satellite image, LandSat-5, near natural colors, 30m resolution.

  20. Comments or questions? 

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