On Industry Development and Its Sustainability Linkage in Kinmen

1. On Industry Development and Its Sustainability Linkage in Kinmen Yung-Jaan Lee Ming-Wei Liu

2. Outline • Introduction • Sustainable development and regime theory • Kinmen’s industrial development and its sustainable strategies • Conclusions: the value of SD

3. Introduction

4. Introduction • In the 20th century, widespread industrialization has caused great environmental damages • Sustainability and development have always been a conflict and trade-off • In 1980, IUCN, UNEP and WWF presented the document which resulted in the new term ‘sustainable development’ (SD)

5. 19C-20C 1945-60 1960-80 Age of SD 1980- Introduction Development Sustainability SD

6. Introduction • Environment has always been a political issue (Miller, 1995) • This paper will have a further discussion on the orientation of sustainability and its policy implication which affects local industrial development

7. Introduction Review of theories and industrial policies Development of sustainability policies Sustainablesociety Industry analysis Regime Theory and its social practice Global policies of sustainability Sustainability vs. Regime theory Policy suggestions

8. SD andRegime Theory

9. SD • SD emphases on improving human QOL • proclaims that the whole world must look at resource-using processes, from ecology, society, and economy to attain global SD Sustainable Development

10. Regime theory: a social theory of sustainability • Regime theory (Stoker, 1995): • new political relationships between private and the third sectors are gradually growing up to take the place of traditional power in autarchic society

11. Regime theory: a social theory of sustainability Central Government Empower-ment Local government Third Parties Partnership Public participation

12. Hierocratic system Regime theory: a social theory of sustainability • Regime theory is a new theory that operates on society as a new constitution of social networks, analyzing social networks through the efforts of different organizations Social Network Connection

13. Role of government • National gov’ts aimed at governing to enabling to discentering its powers • Governments were viewed as catalysts, playing the role operating between government and NGOs Government Enabling Governing Non-government New government

14. Industrial analysis and the practice of sustainability • Industrial history of Kinmen • By 10C the settlements on the coast naturally became fishing villages • 12C started agriculture • 15C setup Kinmen fort • 17-20C under war fire • ? 21C The 2-3rd Industry

15. Industrial analysis and the practice of sustainability Fishing Agriculture Market

16. Kinmen’s development and national strategies • 1950-1992, Kinmen was under military control • Many constructions were in need: • agriculture: to provide 8 times agriculture production • construction: kept its green image for military security reasons to follow low-density development policies, led to underground military works

17. Kinmen’s development and national strategies Layout of historical land use distribution

18. Sustainable strategies • After martial law was ended, policy turns to ‘tourism orientation’ • reflect ecological tourism planning strategy • development policies should sum up by guidelines • 1. small-scale development • 2. relevant to social factors • 3. according to a systematic theme • concern about ecological protection and cultural conservation

19. Industrial developmentand sustainability strategies

20. A view of an ordinary city • Kinmen is not equipped • with the characteristics to develop • as a world city in the global • economic perspective

21. A view of an ordinary city • Kinmen can be explored as an ordinary city • differs from global competition, can develop its own diversity, creative, modern and distinguished form which allows the city to develop any possibility

22. Stainable industry practice of regime theory • the real problem that occurs in Kinmen’s industrial policies is their community development experiences have nothing to do with spatial and socioeconomic reformation

23. Stainable industry practice of regime theory • Regime theorytakes‘the connection of social networks to view as an effective action, in order to gain social cooperation and constant relationship’

24. In order to rise up a local revival, the following three dimensions are taken to fulfil sustainability: • Rules of economy– build up community social networks to improve quality of life

25. Rules of equity – rebuild a resource-using processes to promote bio-diversity • Rules of ecology – organize local parties to promote long-term development

26. Rules of economy • Agenda 21 -- SD relies on public participation • A community can meet ‘collective economy’ by the connections of social networks. The key technique of ‘collective consumption’ is the instance • Communities can grow only by the supporting system of community awareness and government support

27. Rules of equity • The hierarchical government has emphasized the power of resource distribution • Government redistribution policy that is not sustainable, but brought about a biological vicious circle that destroy biodiversity • Policies should be in a long term sustainable perspective to create new land use policies that makes the best of natural resources

28. Rules of ecology • Eco-developing which community SD emphasized • Individual: SD that was spoken of in regime theory is ‘promoting the over all developing based on individual development’

29. Rules of ecology • Community: The ideal community structure is the points that regime a complex, it is an operating system of mutual learning, promoting participation, and it aims to community development • Ecology: Partnership and regime negotiation theory always put emphasis on and that is the ecological/operational definition of regime theory

30. Conclusion The value of SD

31. What is a beautiful life? • The value of beautiful life relies on the resource application of living industries which emphases and focus on its sustainable value, not just satisfied by each time of environment expense. • improving human quality of life … Agenda 21.

32. SD concepts in policy implication • First sector: should develop the agricultural industry that fits local conditions, to expect the recovery of biodiversity. • Regime theory is a way instead of fake equity by distributing agriculture subsidy by searching mutual profits in every sector among society • Social contract of subsidy is a technique encouraging to develop strategies which may change exhausted farms to green gardens.

33. SD concepts in policy implication • Second sector: complexity of social network is the core discourse of urban regime theory • to connect local supply chain which is the form of collective consumption, the community can develop its economic concentration by creating social capital that reaches economic scale

34. SD concepts in policy implication • Third sector: basis of regime theory promoting local development by personal development; • eco-developing concept can be described as SD which community development is emphasized; by way of society education, community sustainability can be developed • human resources are community’s long term planning

35. The past memory and future imagination are collectively constructed • It performs the new interpretation of living and life nowadays in our modern society

36. Thank you 謝 謝