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Figure1 Upper-air Observation Network of JMA

Upper-air Observating stations. ●. ◎. Upper-air Observating stations(GUAN). Wakkanai. ●. Observation ships. Sapporo. ●. ◎. Nemuro. Kofu Maru. ●. Akita. ●. Wajima. Sendai. ●. Seifu Maru. ◎. Tateno. Yonago. ●. ●. Fukuoka. ●. ●. Hachijojima. Shionomisaki. ◎. Chofu Maru.

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Figure1 Upper-air Observation Network of JMA

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  1. Upper-air Observating stations ● ◎ Upper-air Observating stations(GUAN) Wakkanai ● Observation ships Sapporo ● ◎ Nemuro Kofu Maru ● Akita ● Wajima Sendai ● Seifu Maru ◎ Tateno Yonago ● ● Fukuoka ● ● Hachijojima Shionomisaki ◎ Chofu Maru Kagoshima Ryofu Maru ● Naze Chichijima ◎ Naha ● Minamidaitojima ● Minamitorishima Ishigakijima Figure1 Upper-air Observation Network of JMA

  2. FIGURE2 Rawinsonde “ RS2-91 model” Temperature Sensor 600g Balloon Converter (Temperature, Humidity) 1.7m Converter (Pressure) Pressure Sensor 7.5m Humidity Sensor Battery 18cm Parachute 1.2m Transmitter 7.5m 11cm 9cm Rawinsonde SENSOR Pressure: Capacitive Aneroid Range 5 ～ 1050hPa Accuracy ±1hPa Temperature: Rod Thermistor Range -90 ～ +40℃ Accuracy ±0.5℃ Humidity: Capacitive thin film Range 0 ～ 100％ Accuracy ±7%(10～95%),±10% TRANSMITTER Frequency 1680, 1673, 1687MHz Modulation Type A1D Transmitter Power 0.4W

  3. FIGURE3Rawin “ W92-model” 断続式気圧計 Pressure Sensor 200g Balloon 注水電池 1.4m Battery 発信器 Transmitter 7.5m 14cm Parachute 11cm 1.2m 8cm Rawin PRESSURE SENSOR Baroswitch Aneroid TRANSMITTER Frequency 1680MHz Modulation Type A1D Transmitter Power 0.1W

  4. FIGURE4 Ground Facilities of Upper-air Observation System “ JMA-91 model” Radome Antenna Controler, Angle Signal Converter Receiver Air Conditioner Antena Antenna φ2m Parabolic Reflector Receiving Frequency 1660 ～ 1700MHz Tracking Method Mono Pulse Tracking Speed more than 10°/sec Tracking Accuracy Active: less than 0.2° Sonde Signal Converter Primary Date Processor Secondary Date Processor X-Y Plotter Disk Printer Operation Panel Printer Disk UPS Communication unit

  5. Classification Outputs Instruments Altitude Range Observation Times Rawinsonde Pressure Temperature Humidity Wind Direction Wind Speed Normal Observation RS2-91 Type Rawinsonde 600g Balloon Parachute Unwinder ( used in windy condition) Guide Light (used at night ) High Altitude Observation 1200g Balloon（GUAN） *Meteorological Observation Vessels use GPS Radiosonde RS80-15G. Surface to about 30km (10hPa) Surface to about 35km (5hPa) 00UTC, 12UTC (09JST, 21JST) 06 and/or 18UTC: Under significant weather conditions including typhoon 12UTC (21JST) Rawin (Radiowind) Pressure Wind Direction Wind Speed W92 Type Rawin 200g Balloon Parachute Unwinder ( used windy) Guide Light (used night ) Surface to about 15km (100hPa) 06UTC, 18UTC (15JST, 03JST) TABLE1Classification of Upper-air Observationstype operated by JMA

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