First Semester Final

1. First Semester Final Review 2013/14

2. 1. In an experiment which variable can you change? Independent Variable

3. 2. Which variable is being measured in an experiment? Dependent Variable

4. 3. What variable stays the same through the entire experiment? Constant

5. 4. Scientists use their prior knowledge and experience to ________________________________. Make/ form a hypothesis

6. 5. What do we use to analyze data? • Tables • Charts • and Graphs

7. 6. Bits of information you gather with your senses are called _________________________. observations

8. 7. The information gathered from your senses lead to forming Inferences

9. An experiment was conducted to determine if the food given to a specific type of chicken would affect the number of eggs it lays. • In the experiment above what would be the independent variable? What Changed? The food • In the experiment above what would be the dependent variable? What was Measured? The number of eggs • In the experiment above what would be the Constant variable? What stayed the same? The chicken

10. 11. What instrument would you use to measure the Length of a school bus? A meter stick/ Metric measuring tape

11. 12. . What instrument would you use to measure 18 grams of sugar? Triple beam balance

12. 13. What instrument would you use to measure 35 mL of water? Graduated cylinder

13. 14. . What instrument would you use to measure the mass of two pennies? Triple beam balance

14. 15. . What instrument would you use to measure 17 centimeters of yarn? Meter stick

15. What is it? Erlenmeyer Flask Balance Beaker

16. What is it? Florence Flask Test tube rack Graduated Cylinder

17. 22. . What system of units are part of the International System of Units, or SI? The metric system – Meters etc.

18. 23. What is matter and what is not classified as matter? • Anything that has mass and takes up space and is made up of different kinds of atoms; includes all things that can be seen, tasted, smelled or touched but DOES NOT include heat, sound or light.

19. 24. Which of the following has mass and takes up space? Thought Light Air Emotion

20. 25. Newton’s first law of motion states that an object stays at rest unless a(n) ____________ acts on it unbalanced force

21. 26. Define inertia the tendency to resist a change in motion

22. Which one of the following objects has the greatest inertia? • Baseball • bowling ball • pencil • toothpick

23. 27. What is a force? a push or a pull

24. 28. for an ideal machine, the work in is equal to the ___________________________________. work out

25. 29. A force is exerted on a box and an equal and opposite force is exerted by the box. What law explains this? Newton’s third law of motion

26. 30. The growth response related to the number of hours of daylight and darkness is called Photoperiodism

27. 31. All cells want to maintain a State of ? Balance

28. 32. What rids the cell of waste products and brings nutrient into the cell. This process moves particles from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration Diffusion

29. 33. If a plant is growing towards a source of light, this is a ___ Positive Phototropism. Positive Phototropism

30. 34. If a plant is growing towards a source of light, this is a ___ Positive Phototropism Cell walls Chloroplast Large Vacuoles

31. 36. Most of the life of any cell is spent in a period of growth and development called Interphase

32. 37. The chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell contain a code known as DNA

33. 38. DNA contains the nitrogen base…… remember Texas Aggies Have Cute Girlfriends Thymine Adenine Cytosine Guanine

34. 39. A cell that has two of every kind of chromosome is Diploid

35. 40. . Haploid numbers of chromosomes are usually found in the ____cells of an organism. Sex cells

36. 41. Each human skin cell has __ pairs of chromosomes. 23

37. 42. . Hydra reproduce by ______________. Budding

38. 43. In _________________ a body part regrows and may form a new organism. Regeneration

39. 44. A Punnett square shows you all the ways in which ____________ can combine. alleles

40. 45. Hair color in humans is controlled by ____ alleles. 4

41. 46. Mendel called plants that received differentalleles for a trait from each parent Hybrid

42. 47. In a Punnett square, a capital letter stands for a ___________ allele. Dominate

43. 48. Of the following, which represents a homozygous recessive genotype? TT Tt tt TTT

44. 49. Name the stages of mitosis shown in each picture Metaphase Anaphase Prophase Telophase

45. 50. The harder you pedal a bicycle, the faster it will go Newton’s Second Law

46. 51. The main reason a person can jump off the ground. ___________________________. Newton’s Third Law

47. 52. A hockey puck will slide across ice for a long time when hit. Newton’s First Law

48. 53. Mitosis: 54. Fertilization: 55. Zygote: Takes place in body cells Joining of two sex cells. Cell that forms in fertilization.

49. 56. Egg: 57. Sperm: 58. Probability: Sex cells from female reproductive organ. Sex cells from male reproductive organ. Helps determine the chance that something will occur

50. 59. Heterozygous: 60. Phenotype: 61. Genotype: 62. PunnettSquare: Organisms with two different alleles for a trait. Physical appearance of an organism Genetic makeup of an organism A genetic tool that uses letters to represent dominant and recessive alleles