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Sociological Research Methods. Review #2. 14 Review Questions. Name three types of research Quantitative (Deductive) Qualitative (Inductive) Descriptive Name the four categories of research Descriptive Exploratory Explanatory Evaluative Name at least two methods used to collect data
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Sociological Research Methods Review #2
14 Review Questions • Name three types of research • Quantitative (Deductive) • Qualitative (Inductive) • Descriptive • Name the four categories of research • Descriptive • Exploratory • Explanatory • Evaluative • Name at least two methods used to collect data • Surveys • Interviews • Participant Observation • What are the two types of samples? • Non-probability (four types) • Availability • Quota • Purposive • Snowball • Probability • Simple random sample • Systematic random sample • Stratified random sample • Cluster sample
What are the two types of variables found in research? • Independent • Dependent • What are the three criteria for determining causation? • Correlation (association) • Time-Order • Non-Spuriousnness • What is “correlation” and what two types are there? • Positive • Negative • What is the difference between reliability and measurement validity? • What are the three types of validity and what are they? • Measurement • External (cross-population generalizability) • Internal (causal)
Conceptualization & Operationalization • What is conceptualization? • What is operationalization? • What is reliability? What are the four types? • Test-retest • Interitem • Alternate forms • Interobserver • What is validity? What are the four types? • Face • Content • Criterion • Construct • What are the four levels of measurement? • Nominal • Ordinal • Interval • Ratio
Name two sampling methods • Non-probability (four types) • Availability • Quota • Purposive • Snowball • Probability • Simple random sample • Systematic random sample • Stratified random sample • Cluster sample
Identifying Variables & Correlations • As income increases crime decreases • I= Level of Income D= Level of crime • Negative Correlation • The less religious a person is the lower his/her income will be • I= Level of religiosity D= Income Level • Positive Correlation • The more religious a person is the more likely the person is to be a republican • I= Level of religiosity D= whether or not one is a republican • Can’t measure correlation • The faster one drives the greater the risk of getting into an accident • I= Driving speed D=The risk of getting into an accident • Positive Correlation • Athletes will score higher on the history 101 exam than non-athletes • I= Whether or not one is an athlete D= History 101 exam score • Can’t measure correlation