chapter 8: The Islamic World Section III: islamic rulers in India

1. D.A.G. World History Period 1 chapter 8: The Islamic WorldSection III: islamic rulers in India

2. A. Change comes to India • In The Thirteenth Century, Islamic rulers India established a government that lasted for 320 years.

3. A. Change comes to India • Muslims Gain Control • Islamic invaders who entered India carried off Hindu art, jewels, gold, silver, and slaves. • One of the cruelest of these invaders was an Afghan ruler, or sultan, named Mahmud of Ghazi. • They took what they wanted and returned to their own kingdoms in central Asia.

4. A . Change comes to India • Extending the Delhi sultanate • The Delhi sultanate soon become famous as a center of Islam. One of Qutb Ud-Aibak’s first acts as sultan was to destory the Hindus to convert to Islam. • Hindu who would not accept Islam had to pay additional taxes. • With the wealth gained from trade and taxes . Qutb ud –Aibak and later sultans maintained lavish courts.

5. A. Change comes to India • Hindu –Muslims Differences • Muslims and Hindus were uneasy neighbors in India. • Conflicts developed when many or India's Hindu had to choose between converting to Islam and being killed or taken into slavery. • The beliefs of the two groups were so different that their cultures did not blend easily

6. B. The Delhi Sultanate is Destroyed • Tamerlane, a Mongol nomad, invaders India in 1398

7. B. The Delhi Sultanate is destroyed • Tamerlane Captures Delhi • Stories of Tamerlane’s cruelty spread terror throughout the region. • He led a Calvary of almost 100,000 men into Delhi and nearly destroyed the city • However, after collecting his riches ,Tamerlane left as quickly as he had come

8. B. The Delhi Sultanate is destroyed • Other Attacks by Tamerlane • Tamerlane set out to establish control in the middle East and central Asia. • When cities rebelled against his rule, he destroyed them , killed all the people, and mad towers of their skulls. • In 1399 , he advanced into Egypt.

9. C. Mughal Empire • The Mughal Empire, founded by Babur, brought about many accomplished and reforms.

10. C. Mughal Empire • Origins of the Mughal Empire • In 1526, an Islamic chief in north in India asked Babur to help him put down a Hindu rebellion. • Babur conquered not only the rebels but also the chief who asked him for help. • By the time Babur died in 1530, his empire had spread from Kabul, in Afghanistan, to the mouth of the Ganges River in the country now called Bangladesh.

11. C. Mughal Empire • The Rule of Akbar • Babur’s grandson, Akbar, took over the empire in 1556, when he was only 13 years old. • His empire covered two-thirds of south Asia, most of present-day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and north and central India. • Akbar also reformed the economy and the tax system, which enriched the empire.

12. C. Mughal Empire • Akbar’s Successors • Akbar was succeeded by his son Jahangir , who ruled from 1605 to 1627. • Political stability, excellent economic activity, and superb painting and architecture made him a popular ruler. • Both rulers continued Akbar’s tolerant policies toward Hindus and expanded Mughal rule.

13. C. Mughal Empire • The religion of the Sikhs • A new religion arose in India at this time. • The Sikh religion began as a movement to combine the religion. • Guru Nanak composed groups to sing hymns in an eatery where both Muslims and Hindus of all castes would eat together.

14. C. Mughal Empire • Decline of the Mughal Empire • There were a number of factors that led to the decline of the Mughal Empire. • They went back to the policy of persecution. • They were anxious to profit from India’s rich trade.