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Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration, & ATP

Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration, & ATP. Energy. Where do plants get their energy from? The sun During which process? Photosynthesis Where do animals get their energy from? Food. Energy. Why do we need energy? To move, run, eat, sleep, metabolize. Cells and energy.

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Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration, & ATP

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  1. Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration, & ATP

  2. Energy • Where do plants get their energy from? • The sun • During which process? • Photosynthesis • Where do animals get their energy from? • Food

  3. Energy • Why do we need energy? • To move, run, eat, sleep, metabolize

  4. Cells and energy • Cells need energy. Why? • To move molecules during transport • Cell division • Move proteins • Move cilia and flagella • TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS!!!!

  5. Cells and energy • What do cells use for energy? • Adenosine Triphosphate (yes you need to know this word)

  6. How is ATP made? Adenosine + 1 phosphate = AMP Adenosine + 2 phosphates = ADP Adenosine + 3 phosphates = ATP Which has the most energy? ATP ATP

  7. ATP • How does a cell get to the energy in ATP? • The bond between the second and third phosphate is broken and energy is released *Can be recycled in the cell!!!

  8. Photosynthesis • The process which plants make glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide, water and sunlight. • Photosynthesis is broken into two stages.

  9. Photosynthesis Materials • Sunlight is trapped by the pigment chlorophyll in the chloroplast • Water is taken in by the roots • Carbon dioxide is taken in by the stomata on the underside of the leaves.

  10. Oxygen is breathed out by the plants through the stomata Glucose is stored in the plant and only obtained by eating the plant. Photosynthesis Products

  11. 1st Stage Photosynthesis • Light-dependent reactions where light passes through the thykaloid membrane and down the electron transport chain. • ATP, Oxygen and NADPH are formed during this process.

  12. 2nd Stage Photosynthesis • The second stage of photosynthesis is the light-independent reaction. • It is called the Calvin Cycle • The Calvin Cycle uses the ATP and NADPH (from the 1st stage) to produce the sugar glucose.

  13. Photosynthesis • Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast of plant cells. • Chlorophyll in the chloroplast make the plants green because they don’t absorb the green light.

  14. Photosynthesis Light

  15. Factors that affect Photosynthesis • Amount of water • Light intensity • Temperature

  16. Cellular Respiration • The process in which cells turn glucose into energy for running cellular activities. • Cells need glucose and oxygen and produce carbon dioxide, water and energy. • Cellular respiration takes place in 2 stages • Cellular respiration equation

  17. 1st Stage of Cellular Respiration • The first stage of occurs in the cells cytoplasm and is conducted by the lysosomes. • It is an anaerobic process called glycloysis. • 2 ATPs are produced

  18. 2nd Stage of Cellular Respiration • The second stage occurs in the mitochondria. It is in two parts. It is aerobic. • 1st is the Krebs cycle. For every turn through the cycle 1ATP and 2CO2 • 2nd is the electron transport chain in which 2H2O and ATP • Total 36 ATPs are produced during the two parts of 2nd stage of respiration

  19. Photosynthesis & Respiration • They complement each other as each ones products are the materials are needed for the other.

  20. Fermentation • Fermentation takes place when oxygen is available and energy is needed. • Two types of fermentation • Alcoholic—energy, alcohol and carbon dioxide are the products • Lactic Acid—energy and lactic acid are the products (2 ATPs produced) Occurs in humans when need more energy than oxygen breathed in.

  21. Alcoholic Fermentation • Yeast is used in alcoholic fermentation. Energy is produced without oxygen.

  22. Lactic Acid Fermentation • Lactic Acid occurs when you exercise strenuously and are unable to breathe in enough oxygen. • Lactic acid causes the muscles to hurt.

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