Adding in Race, Culture and Ethnicity (Powell 17-36)

1. Adding in Race, Culture and Ethnicity (Powell 17-36)

2. Is Race Psychological or Biological? • Some researchers say…race is a social overlay on actual physical traits • Because of this it is used to see how people deal with how they are classified in society • Thus…Psychological

3. Now at Race and Gender… • Story becomes more complex • If race is psychological (says some researchers) then why do we see wage differentials differing by race between men and women??

4. Wage differentials between men and women

5. Interaction of Race and Gender • Additive effects • Race and gender are independent in the effect they have on an outcome • Interactive effect • Both gender and race is needed to predict an outcome • Both additive and interactive • Depending on the group looked at and situation • Ex. Job can have additive effect as to position you get but interactive as to the wage you get

6. Double Jeopardy • People in low level occupations with more than one hierarchy (gender-male high; race-Hispanic high) will find themselves at a double disadvantage • Ex. An Asian woman may experience problems from being a woman and being an Asian. • Can also have double advantage

7. Now add in culture • How do you define a person’s culture? • Watch their behavior. This behavior becomes the depiction of their culture • Is this accurate?

8. Race, culture, and ethnicity • Each is a distinct part of an individual • Within society many use these terms interchangeably • Can you define the three distinctly?

9. Race, culture, ethnicity • Race: a classification of human beings into distinguishable groups based on innate physical characteristics (skin color, hair color…) • Ethnicity: a classification of individuals who share a common ancestry comprised of customs and traditions that are passed on between generations (dress, religion…) • Culture: a broader category that extends beyond race and ethnicity to include any group of people who share a common lifestyle characteristic which are passed on to members of the particular group ( socioeconomic status, sexual orientation…)

10. Differences??? • Culture has both identity and social aspects • Group of people with social and group references • Continuing the past makes “us” distinct from “them” • Everyone (minority or majority) has ethnicity

11. Ethnicity can change views • Men and women views • Third world country women are expected to work in the home only • If look at wage differentials in these areas see that women only earn 20% of a comparable man’s wage. Is this discrimination??? • NO…. because society frowns on them working • If didn’t look at ethnicity we would call this discrimination, but rather it is due to ethnicity

12. Ethnicity actually highlights the problems with generalizing across groups **These generalizations can lead to important facts about the society being studied being missed** To better understand discrimination and workplace issues we NEED to consider GENDER, RACE, ETHNICITY AND CULTURE!

13. The changing workplace

14. Do we need diversity??(Daly p. 88-102) • Society keeps telling us YES • What is diversity? • Defined as multidimensional • Comprised of heterogeneity • Different • Advertise (Guess, Wrangler, Gap, and Levi) • Homogenous • Same • Advertise milk, pork, and beef not particular brands

15. Diversity refers to… • Ethnicity • Racial origin • Sexual orientation • Gender • But also… • Religion, region of origin, education, eye color, weight, height • Anything that makes someone different

16. What does the firm want to achieve? • Profit • Does diversity increase profits? • Example: Do women run the airlines??

18. How to deal with cultural diversity in the workplace