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Texas A&M University System Texas AgriLife Research Texas Engineering Experiment Station Biomass Conversion Technol

Texas A&M University System Texas AgriLife Research Texas Engineering Experiment Station Biomass Conversion Technologies. Kenneth R. Hall presented at Chadbourne & Park: Fuels from MSW September 15, 2008. Previous Presentations. DOE EEC July 30, 2007 PNNL September 12, 2007

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Texas A&M University System Texas AgriLife Research Texas Engineering Experiment Station Biomass Conversion Technol

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  1. Texas A&M University System Texas AgriLife ResearchTexas Engineering Experiment StationBiomass ConversionTechnologies Kenneth R. Hall presented at Chadbourne & Park: Fuels from MSW September 15, 2008

  2. Previous Presentations • DOE EEC July 30, 2007 • PNNL September 12, 2007 • NREL September 13, 2007 • Ecopetrol Research Center February 19, 2008 • Ecopetrol Biofuels Group July 31, 2008 • Multiple presentations to various groups at Texas A&M • Chadbourne & Park; Biofuels from Municipal Solid Waste September 15, 2008

  3. Summary The Texas A&M University System (TAMUS) holds several patents for producing liquid fuels from sources other than petroleum. The intellectual sources of these properties are the Texas Engineering Experiment Station and the Texas AgriLife Research. In this project, we intend to use inventions from both agencies to produce conventional fuels from lignocelluosic biomass (lignocellulosic biomass exists in many forms: municipal solid waste, forestry waste, agricultural residues, manure, sewage sludge, algae and energy crops). These technologies potentially can produce fuel at a cost similar to, or lower than, the current price of conventional fuels. We propose to combine three different TAMUS technologies to convert biomass into conventional fuels: a biomass-fueled fluidized bed gasifier/pyrolyzer; the MixAlco process for converting biomass into alcohols or other chemicals, and the Synfuels process for converting natural gas or alcohols into ethylene and/or hydrocarbon fuels. To the extent possible, we can examine the capabilities of each technology separately, but we also intend to look at the synergies attendant to using the three technologies in a combined process. We estimate that we can produce gasoline from lignocelluosic feedstock for approximately $1.90 to $2.10 per gallon. Of course, that is the production cost not the delivered cost. Such low costs result from combining the various capabilities of the three technologies and the relatively inexpensive feedstock. Finally, TEES and AgriLife Research have joined together in a BioEnergy Alliance. This eases the task of working across two separate state agencies, and draws upon the combined intellectual resources of the agencies. The two agencies attract approximately $300 million each year in research contracts, and they have the infrastructure to handle much more.

  4. The Case for Biofuels Pros Cons Oxygenates (ethanol) Spills (ethanol) Fires (ethanol) Food/feed reduction (corn) Scale of operations • Renewable • Global warming(?) • Economics • Waste reduction • Feedstock preservation • Prudence

  5. Global Temperatures

  6. This figure depicts the mass and energy flows to and from the gasification/pyrolysis unit. The only purpose of this unit is to generate heat for the rest of the process by pyrolyzing sludge (undigested biomass), and to provide hydrogen by Gasification for the MixAlco unit. Biomass Sludge H2O H2 Heat Gasification and/or Pyrolysis H2O Gases Char Heat Waste Gas MSW Garbage Manure

  7. MSW Garbage Manure Waste Gas Biomass Treatment Mixed Alcohols or Methane Biomass Sludge H2O H2 Heat This figure depicts the mass and energy flows to and from the biomass treatment unit. The purpose of this unit is to convert the biomass into either methane or a stream of mixed alcohols for processing into hydrocarbon fuels.

  8. Ketone Hydrogenation Hydrogen Alcohols Biomass Carbon Dioxide Ketones Lime Pretreatment Mixed-Acid Fermentation Dewatering Thermal Conversion Calcium Carbonate Lime Kiln MixAlco Process (a demonstration plant is under construction for the boxed units)

  9. Biogas Methane Biomass Digester Biogas Separator Biomass Waste Gas Sludge

  10. This figure depicts the mass and energy flows to and from the fuel synthesis unit. The purpose of this unit is to convert The methane or mixed alcohols Into gasoline, jet fuel or diesel. The unit could have a natural gas feed if biomass supply had an interruption. Waste Gas Mixed Alcohols Or Methane H2O Fuel Synthesis Gases Gasoline or JP 8 or Fuel Mix Heat Natural Gas Ethylene

  11. This figure depicts an Arrangement of Equipment for the fuels Synthesis unit. It actually Is a gas-to-liquids Process. Synfuels Process

  12. Combined Process MSW Garbage Manure Waste Gas Biomass Treatment Mixed Alcohols Biomass Sludge Heat H2O H2 Gasification and/or Pyrolysis H2O Fuel Synthesis Gases Gasoline or JP 8 or Fuel Mix Char Heat Waste Gas MSW Garbage Manure Natural Gas Ethylene

  13. 2 miles Biomass Field Pile Biomass Field Biomass Field Pile Processing Plant Pile Pile Pile Biomass Field Biomass Field

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