The invasion of Parihaka, 1881.

1. Societal situations Personal causes Settler need for land (economic) John Bryce’s hatred of Maori and Parihaka Governor going to Fiji Bryce becoming native minister. Exploitation of Te WhitiTohu’s commitment to non-violence The invasion of Parihaka, 1881. *You should colour code the importance of the causes with red = highly important, green = important, blue = partially important *Be mindful of the difference between antecedent events and causes Direct and short term causes Indirect causes British Imperialism Settler beliefs of racial superiority vs Maori desire for equality Taranaki Wars of the 1860s/confiscation/government debt Government saw Parihaka as a threat to European lives and culture Underlying/long term causes

2. Intended consequences Unintended consequences To weaken Maori and gain land. Loss of Maori Land Condemnation by future governments Personal consequences For Maori: Lost land Lost leaders Lost confidence Lost mana Iwi infighting Poverty The invasion of Parihaka, 1881. *You should colour code the importance of the consequence with red = highly important, green = important, blue = partially important *Be mindful of the difference between antecedent events and causes Negative consequences For Taranaki –Pakeha Very cheap land to farm Positive consequences Soldiers raping Parihaka women Destruction and uprooting of crops Parihaka becoming a symbol of standing up to oppression Long term consequences Short term consequences