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Unit 3 Study Guide. Ionic – between metal and nonmetal and transfers electrons Covalent – between two nonmetals and shared electrons. It fulfills the octet rule. All elements with 8 outer electrons. In an ionic bond, metals lose electrons while nonmetals gain electrons.
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Ionic – between metal and nonmetal and transfers electrons • Covalent – between two nonmetals and shared electrons
It fulfills the octet rule. All elements with 8 outer electrons
In an ionic bond, metals lose electrons while nonmetals gain electrons
When an atom loses electrons, it becomes a positive charge ion which is called a cation • When an atom gains electrons, it becomes a negative charge ion which is called a anion
Determine whether these compounds are ionic or covalent. • NaCl- ionic • CH4 - covalent • CaCl2 - ionic • NH3 - covalent • Al2O3 - ionic
Name each ionic compound. (Metal name + Nonmetal stem name + -ide ending) • Ex: K3P = potassium + phosph + -ide = potassium phosphide • NaBr__sodium bromide_____________ • CaO__calcium oxide___________________ • Li2S ___lithium sulfide___________________ • LiF__lithium fluoride__________________ • MgO___magnesium oxide__________
Name these ionic compounds containing transition metals. • Pb3P2___lead (II) phosphide___________ • Co3N2___cobalt (II) nitride__________ • CuBr2___copper (II) bromide________________ • FeBr3___iron (III) bromide_________________ • ZnO____zinc (II) oxide_______________
Name each ionic compound containing polyatomic ions. ( Metal name + Polyatomic ion name or Polyatomic ion name + Polyatomic ion name or Polyatomic ion name + Nonmetal name) • Be(OH)2__beryllium hydroxide___________ • CaCO3___calcium carbonate____ • NH4OH ___ammonium hydroxide______ • AlPO4____aluminum phosphate____ • NH4F _____ammonium fluoride____
Name these covalent compounds using prefixes. • ( Prefix + element name + Prefix + stem name + -ide ) • Ex: P2O5 = diphosphoruspentaoxide • SO3___sulfur trioxide__________ • XeF6___xenon hexafluoride___________________ • SiBr4___silicon tetrabromide____________________ • Cl2O7__dichlorineheptaoxide_______ • P4O10_tetraphosphorusdecaoxide______
Write the formulas for the following compounds • aluminum chloride _____AlCl3________________ • calcium carbonate ______CaCO3____________ • beryllium phosphide _____Be3P2_____________ • copper (IV) oxide ______CuO2______________ • magnesium acetate _____Mg(C2H3O2)2________
Write the name of each acid. (Hydro- + stem name of element + -ic + acid) • HCl____hydrochloric acid________________ • HF _____hydrofluoric acid_________________ • HBr_____hydrobromic acid_________
What do subscripts tell you in a chemical formula? How many of each atom there is in a chemical formula • What do coefficients tell you in a chemical formula? How many of each compound there is
yields reactants product subscript coefficient
Identify the number of atoms in each compound • CH4__5___ • AgNO3__5___ • Mg(NO3)2__9___
What does the law of conservation of matter state? Why is it important for a chemical reaction to be balanced? • Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. The same number of atoms must go in and come out of a chemical reaction
What doe each of these letters mean after a compound in a chemical equation? • s - solid • l - liquid • g - gas • aq - aqueous
Balance the following chemical equations. • _4__ P + __5_ O2 ___ P4O10 • ___ Mg + _2__ HCl ___ MgCl2 + H2 • ___ NaS + ___ ZnNO3 ___ NaNO3 + ___ ZnS
What are the 5 types of chemical reactions? Give an example of each.