-AR Verbs in the Present Tense

1. -AR Verbs in the Present Tense (Los verbos -ar en el tiempo presente)

2. ***DO copy this slide 1 The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb: The Spanish infinitive always ends in r Theinfinitive: The basic, unconjugatedform. For example, “to speak”, “to work, to sing”, etc.

3. ***DO copy this slide 2 The ending of a verb IN SPANISH has two letters: –ar, -er, or –ir. The ending: The last two letters of the infinitive.

4. ***DO copy this slide 3 Example in ENGLISH: Infinitive: to make Ending: to make Stem/root: she makes Example in SPANISH: Infinitive: preparar Ending: preparar Stem/root: ella prepara Thestem(or root): Whatever is left after removing the ending from the infinitive. When we conjugate any verb we always begin with itsstem.

5. ar ir er er ar ir ar er er ar er ir Remember, the ending always consists of two letters hablar comer escribir cantar aprender leer hablar comer escribir cantar aprender leer salir conocer costar correr finalizar freír salir conocer costar correr finalizar freír ***DON’T copy this slide***

6. ¡No te olvides! Don't forget! 1 estudiar Theending: The last two letters of the infinitive. The fundamental parts of the verb 2 -ar Thestem: What is left after taking the ending from the infinitive. 3 The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form of the verb. estudi- ***DON’T copy this slide

7. The infinitive – the ending = the stem It’s like an easy math equation! Let’s look at some of your new vocabulary verbs: preparAR  prepar- dibujAR  dibuj- comER  com- ***DO copy this slide

8. We’re going to add to the “math” equation a bit…. WE STARTED WITH: The infinitive – the ending = the stem NOW WE’RE ADDING: The stem + the newending = the new conjugated verb So what are the endings for –ar verbs?

9. Uds. Ud. ellos él ellas ella All persons and numbers are based on the stem. yo nosotros/as h a a bl o habl a a mos vosotros/as tú h a a bl as habl á á is h a a bl a h a a bl an hablar Notice which vowel gets the emphasis! ***DO copy this slide

10. Its stem? trab a a j o trabaj a a mos trab a a j as trabaj á á is trab a a j a trab a a j an The emphasis? trabajar

11. Its stem? b u u sc o busc a a mos b u u sc as busc á á is b u u sc a b u u sc an The emphasis? buscar

12. Its stem? est u u di o estudi a a mos est u u di as estudi á á is est u u di a est u u di an The emphasis? estudiar

13. Verb usage The Spanish present indicative tense has several equivalents in English. As in English, it can express present habitual actions: Estudiamos español en la universidad. We study Spanish at the university. But, unlike English, it can also express ongoing actions: En este momento estudiamos en la biblioteca. Right now we’re studying in the library. It can even express future actions: Esta noche estudiamos para el examen. Tonight we will study for the exam. ***DON’T copy this slide

14. Yo estudio matemáticas. ¿Qué estudias? As in English, verb forms that refer to people that are within the conversation “flip” to their opposite form. estudio estudiamos estudias estudiáis estudia estudian La biblioteca es un buen lugar para estudiar. ¿Qué estudias tú?

15. Él estudia filosofía. ¿Qué estudia Juan? Verb forms that refer to people that are outside the conversation do not change. estudio estudiamos estudias estudiáis estudia estudian La biblioteca es un buen lugar para estudiar.

16. ¡El fin, y ahora, PRACTIQUEMOS!  Thanks to: www.gdn.edu(Accessed and adapted from the original website on 12/4/11)