Nutrition and Weight Status Healthy People 2020

1. Nutrition and Weight StatusHealthy People 2020 Marina Castanedo, Lauren Jones, Sasha Seiden

2. Nutrition and Weight Status • Goal1 • “Promote health and reduce chronic disease risk through the consumption of healthful diets and achievement and maintenance of healthy body weights.” • Overview1 • Healthful diet and healthy body weight • Individual behaviors, policies, and various environments • Household food security and hunger elimination

4. Americans With a Healthful Diet1… Nutrient-dense foods Include all food groups Limit intake of saturated and trans fats, cholesterol, added sugars, sodium, and alcohol Meet caloric needs Avoid unhealthy weight gain

5. Americans With a Healthful Diet2 • Eating healthily and exercising regularly can help • Maintain healthy weight • Reduce risk of chronic disease • Promote overall health status • Growth and development in children

6. Weight Loss3 • Advantages of weight loss • How to achieve weight loss • Dietary Therapy • Physical Activity • Behavior Therapy

7. Overview of Objectives • NWS-2.2: Increase the proportion of school districts that require schools to make fruits or vegetables available whenever other food is offered or sold • NWS-10.2: Reduce the proportion of children and adolescents who are considered obese in children aged 6 to 11 years • NWS-10.3: Reduce the proportion of children and adolescents who are considered obese in children aged 12 to 19 years • NWS-12: Eliminate very low food security among children • NWS-13: Reduce household food insecurity and in doing so reduce hunger

8. NWS-10.2 & 10.3 • Baseline: 17.4% of children aged 6-11 years were considered obese. • Target: 15.7% • Baseline: 17.9% of adolescents aged 12-19 were considered obese. • Target: 16.1%

9. Background for 10.2 & 10.3 • Costly condition • +$125 million/yr spent on hospital admittances9 • Lower math & reading scores in kindergarten • Increased behavioral and learning disabilities9 • In 2005-20088 • 17.4% of children (6-11 years) • 17.9% of adolescents (12-19 years) • Increased rates, as well as heavier weights6

11. Importance of 10.2 & 10.3 • Physically, mentally, academically • Increased risk of chronic disease & premature death • More likely to be overweight or obese adults4 • Economic impact & direct medical costs4 • $14 billion annual in direct health care expenses

12. Importance • Minority youth populations at risk7 • Ages 6-11: • 22% Mexican American • 20% African American • 14% non-Hispanic • Ages 12-19: • 23% Mexican American • 21% African American • 14% non-Hispanic • American Indian children ages 5-18 • 39% overweight/at risk

13. National Programs8 • Let’s Move! • “America’s move to raise a healthier generation of kids” • American Academy of Pediatrics • Chefs Move to School • National School Lunch Program & Breakfast Program • HealthierUS School Challenge

14. State Programs in Washington • Washington State Nutrition & Physical Activity Plan11 • Center for Safe Routes to School • Unplugged12 • 30 Days Live! – students give up TV for a month • Washington State Senate Bill 543612 • Adopt nutrition & physical policies • Washington State Senate Bill 509312 • Encourages healthy food & beverages during school hours, school sponsored activities

15. Local Programs • Boys & Girls Club of Whatcom County6 • SMART Girls5 • Healthy Habits5 • Child Nutrition Program6 • USDA funded • Provide nutritious meals & snacks to childcare centers • Food $ense Nutrition Program in Skagit County3

16. Gaps • Programs aren’t fully funded2 • No programs are aimed towards minority groups • Time requirement for PE or recess vary1 • Food deserts8 • Should incorporate sleep health • Food companies market for children • Difficult to change attitudes

17. NWS 2.2 Only 6.6% of school districts require schools to make fruits or vegetables available

18. Importance of Objective • School environments impact adolescent diets • 19-50% of daily calories at school12 • Too many unhealthy foods can damage brain2 • Academic impact • Motivation and attention12 • GPA9 • Obesity has more than doubled in last decade in school age children19

19. Background12 • ¼ of WA students eat 5+ fruits & vegetables a day • 1 in 10 teens in WA are overweight • Shortened lunch periods • 90% of students have easy access to unhealthy food • Focus on prevention, not treatment

20. What are kids eating at school?9 • Food brought from home • Federal school lunch or breakfast programs • Foods sold outside of meal programs • Vending Machines, snack bars, school stores • “Competitive Food” • Much of schools revenue depends on competitive foods • Institutional fear results in unhealthy decision making

21. Competitive Foods9 • Vending Machines found in 17% of elementary, 82% of middle, and 97% of high schools • Low nutrient, energy dense (high calorie) food • Low income vs. high income schools? • Availability of snacks in schools higher calorie intake • Decrease in fruits and vegetables • USDA cannot regulate what is sold outside of mealtime

22. National Programs • Lets Move!6 • Healthier US School Challenge17 • National School Lunch & Breakfast Program13 • Low cost/free lunches to children living in poverty • Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program16 • Outreach to low income schools • Farm to School programs19 • Child Nutrition Act

23. National Programs • FitPick4 • Healthy Schools Program1 • Make healthy foods at competitive pricing so they are a more available option for schools • CDC & IOM make recommendations and policies consistent with Dietary Guidelines for Americans12 • 5-9 fruits and vegetables a day

24. State Programs in Washington • Bills requiring nutrition and physical fitness policies in schools12 • Encourages school health advisory committees • Farm to School programs19 • Local Farms-Healthy Kids • WA State utilizes federal programs

25. Local Programs • Whatcom County Statistics • 40.4% eligible for federal program assistance • Fit Pick12 • Clark County • Square Foot Nutrition Project20 • Weekly lessons & vegetable growing

26. Cultural Competence12 • Different perceptions of nutrition • Correct knowledge and attitude required when dealing with dynamics of cultures • Delivery of information • Respect and awareness • Goal: Reduce disparities in health outcomes

27. Gaps Lack of a standard of measure to assess policy strength Budget cuts in schools Nutrition programs in schools Support for agricultural programs Competitive food

28. NWS-13 • “Reduce household food insecurity and in doing so reduce hunger”1 • 15% of American households unable to acquire adequate food2 • HP 2020 Target goal: 6.0 Percent • Retain 2010 Goal • What is food security? • “access at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life for all household members.” –USDA4

29. Importance5 • USDA measures food security annually • Domestic food and nutrition assistance programs • Children often shielded from insecurity • 1.3 % of households with children insecure in 2008 • 1/3 of food-insecure households had very low food security 2008 • 6.7 million (5.7 percent of all U.S. households) • Variety of coping strategies

30. National Level • National School Lunch Program5 • Meet Dietary Guidelines for Americans • SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program)6 • Food Stamp Program • WIC (Women, Infants, and Children)7 • Provides state grants to all 50 states • Targets low income, nutritionally at risk populations • Healthy Food Financing Initiative8 • Eliminating Food Deserts in America

31. State Programs • Washington Basic Food Program9 • WIC10 • Department of Agriculture10 • EFAP, TEFAP, CSPF • Partners in Action12 • Strengthen food assistance programs and improve economic security for low-income families and individuals • Improve access to and awareness of food assistance programs

33. Local Programs13 • Bellingham Food Bank14 • Free groceries, open to all. • Food Bank Farm • Food 4 Tots • Small Potatoes Gleaning Project • Milk Money • Victory Gardens

34. Any Questions?