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Nationalism in India

Nationalism in India. Section 14.4. Setting the Stage (453). After World War 1, the , which controlled India, began to show signs of cracking This stirred nationalist activity in India Many upper-class Indians who attended British schools learned European views of and.

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Nationalism in India

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  1. Nationalism in India Section 14.4

  2. Setting the Stage (453) • After World War 1, the , which controlled India, began to show signs of cracking • This stirred nationalist activity in India • Many upper-class Indians who attended British schools learned European views of and .

  3. Indian nationalism grows (453) • Two groups formed to rid India of British rule: • Hindu Indian National Congress • Muslim League • Though deep divisions existed between the and , they shared common ground. • Both worked toward the goal of from .

  4. World War I Increases Nationalist Activity (453) • In return for their military service in WWI, the British promised that would lead to . • The British did not fulfill this promise • To curb violence among nationalists, the British passed the Acts, which allowed the government to protesters without trial for up to .

  5. Amritsar Massacre (453-454) • To protest the Rowlatt Acts, Hindus and Muslims gathered to Amritsar • They intended to , , and listen to political speeches • The British commander believed they were openly defying a ban on public meetings • He ordered his troops to fire on the crowd. • The shooting lasted about minutes and killed Indians • This massacre turned many loyal British subjects into .

  6. Amritsar massacre

  7. Gandhi’s tactics of nonviolence (454) • Mohandas K. emerged as the leader of the nationalist movement • His strategy for battling injustice evolved from a approach to politics. • His followers called him which translated to “Great Soul”

  8. Noncooperation & Boycotts (454-455) • In 1920, the Congress party endorsed , the deliberate and public refusal to obey an unjust law. • Gandhi called on Indians to refuse to: • Buy • Pay • Attend • Vote in • He staged a successful boycott of British . • He wore only homespun cloth and encouraged Indians to follow his example.

  9. Strikes and Demonstrations (455) • Gandhi’s weapon of civil disobedience took an economic toll on the British • They struggled to keep trains running, factories operating and overcrowded jails from bursting • The British arrested thousands of Indians • Despite Gandhi’s pleas for , protests often led to riots

  10. The Salt March (455) • In 1930 Gandhi organized a demonstration to protest the Acts. • Indians could only by salt from the . • They also had to pay on salt • To show their opposition, they marched 240 miles to the seacoast and began to make their own salt. • This peaceful protest was called the .

  11. Salt March cont’d (455) • Police officers attacked the demonstrators with . • The people refused to defend themselves against their attackers. • Newspapers covered the incident and won support for the nationalists

  12. Britain Grants Limited Self-Rule (455) • In 1935 the British Parliament passed the Act • It provided local self-government and limited democratic elections • Tensions mounted between the and the .

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