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THE ANTEBELLUM SOUTH

THE ANTEBELLUM SOUTH. THE OLD SOUTH & SLAVERY 1820-1860 A10Q 7.10.30. Essential Question. To what degree was the South developing as a distinctively different region from the rest of the United States during the period 1820 to 1860?

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THE ANTEBELLUM SOUTH

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  1. THEANTEBELLUM SOUTH THE OLD SOUTH & SLAVERY 1820-1860 A10Q 7.10.30

  2. Essential Question • To what degree was the South developing as a distinctively different region from the rest of the United States during the period 1820 to 1860? • To what degree did slavery shape life in the South during this period? (Consider political, economic, social and intellectual aspects of life in the South)

  3. A.The Southern Economy • Primarily agrarian • Economic power shifted from the “upper South” to the “lower South” • “Cotton Is King!” • 1860 - 5 million Bales exported per year (57% of US exports)

  4. The Agricultural Economy of the South,1860

  5. Changes in Cotton Production 1860 ▼ 1820 ▲

  6. Value of Cotton Exports As a Percentage of All U.S. Exports

  7. A.The Southern Economy • Very slow development of industry • Rudimentary financial system. • Economic dependence on North • Inadequate transportation system.

  8. B. SOUTHERN SOCIETY (1850) “Slavocracy”[plantation owners, small slaveowners] 6,000,000 The “Plain Folk”[white yeoman farmers, tenant farmers,sandhillers,hill people] Black Freemen 250,000 Black Slaves3,200,000 Total US Population --> 23,000,000[9,450,000 in the South = 40%]

  9. Southern Society in 1860

  10. Slave-Owning Families (1850)

  11. B.WHITE SOCIETY & CULTURE • Why did many Southerners support the slave system when 75% didn’t own slaves? • Was there a change in attitude re slavery? • How did they justify slavery? • Who did NOT support the slave system? Plantation House, St. Mary’s, MD (1830s) Southern Yeoman farmer’s home

  12. Southern Pro-Slavery Propaganda

  13. C.SLAVERY & SLAVE CULTURE • “Peculiar Institution” • Slave trade - Middle Passage • Protection under law • Constitution – Art IV, Sec 2 • Fugitive Slave Act (1793)

  14. Paths of the Internal Slave Trade

  15. C. SLAVERY & SLAVE CULTURE 4. Slave Life & Culture • Black Christianity [Baptists or Methodists]: * more emotional worship services; negro spirituals. • Nuclear family with extended kin links, where possible. • Importance of music in their lives. [esp.spirituals]. • Slave codes • Resistance • Nat Turner • “Sambo” Slave Rebellions and Uprisings, 1800-1831

  16. Slave Cabin and Occupants Near Eufala, Barbour County, Alabama

  17. Sources • Library of Congress – Prints and Photographs Division Online Catalog - http://lcweb2.loc.gov/pp/pphome.html • Library of Congress – African Mosaic - http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african/afam015.html • Africans in America – PBS - http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/rb_index_hd.html

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