The Antebellum South

1. The Antebellum South Chapter 16 Review

2. Early Emancipation in the North

3. Missouri Compromise, 1820

4. Antebellum Southern Society

5. Characteristics of the Antebellum South • Primarily agrarian. • Economic power shifted from the “upper South” to the “lower South.” • “Cotton Is King!” * makes up 57% of total US exports • * 75% of England’s cotton • 4. slow development of industrialization. • 5. Limited immigration (4% compared to 18% in the north). • 6. Inadequate transportation system.

6. “Slavocracy”[plantation owners] Black Slaves3,200,000 Black Freemen The “Plain Folk”[white yeoman farmers] Southern Society (1850) 6,000,000 250,000 Total US Population  23,000,000[9,250,000 in the South = 40%]

7. Slave-Owning Population (1850)

8. Southern Population

9. Antebellum Southern Economy

10. Southern Agriculture

11. Slaves Picking Cottonon a Mississippi Plantation

12. Slaves Using the Cotton Gin

13. Changes in Cotton Production 1820 1860

14. Value of Cotton Exports As % of All US Exports

15. The South's "Peculiar Institution"

16. Slave Auction Notice, 1823

17. Slave Auction: Charleston, SC-1856

18. Anti-Slave Pamphlet

19. Slave Life Slave leg irons Slave tag, SC Slave shoes

21. Antebellum Southern Plantation Life

22. Importation of slaves banned in 1808 Blacks cont. to be smuggled into the south “ratlin’ good breeders” – some women guaranteed freedom if they produced 10 children Caused large mulatto population Slaves = investments Irish used over a slave in “dangerous” work Plantation Slavery

23. Slaves posing in front of their cabin on a Southern plantation.

24. A Mammie & Her Charge

25. “until death or distance do you part” A Slave Family

26. Slavery Was Less Efficient in the U. S. than Elsewhere High cost of keeping slaves fromescaping. GOAL raise the “exit cost.” • Slave patrols. • Southern Black Codes. • Cut off a toe or a foot.

27. Slave Resistance & Uprisings

28. Slave Resistance • “SAMBO” pattern of behavior used as a charade in front of whites [the innocent, laughing black man caricature – bulging eyes, thick lips, big smile, etc.].

29. Slave Resistance • Refusal to work hard. • Isolated acts of sabotage. • Escape via the Underground Railroad.

30. Runaway Slave Ads

31. Quilt Patterns as Secret Messages The Monkey Wrench pattern, on the left, alerted escapees to gather up tools and prepare to flee; the Drunkard Path design, on the right, warned escapees not to follow a straight route.

32. Slave Rebellions in the Antebellum South: Nat Turner, 1831

33. William Lloyd Garrison The Liberator Burns constitution in symbolic speech “would not tolerate the posonsious weed of slavery” Martin Delaney idea of re-colonization of Africa Fredrick Douglas Escaped from bondage Narrative life of Fredrick Douglas Abolitionist

34. Southern Pro-SlaveryPropaganda

35. Said slavery was supported in the Bible & by Aristotle Said southern slaves didn’t have to worry about unemployment, lack of food, working in factories like those who were free in the North The slave had a better life than the immigrant working in factories in the north South Justifies Slavery