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Antebellum South

Antebellum South . AP US History. Free Soil Party. Free Soil! Free Speech! Free Labor! Free Men!. “ Barnburners ” – discontented northern Democrats. Anti-slave members of the Liberty and Whig Parties.

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Antebellum South

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  1. Antebellum South AP US History

  2. Free Soil Party Free Soil! Free Speech! Free Labor! Free Men! • “Barnburners” – discontented northern Democrats. • Anti-slave members of the Liberty and Whig Parties. • Opposition to the extension of slavery in the newterritories!

  3. GOLD! At Sutter’s Mill, 1848 John A. Sutter

  4. California Gold Rush, 1849 49er’s

  5. Two Views of San Francisco, Early 1850s • By 1860, almost 300,000people had traveled theOregon & CaliforniaTrails to the Pacificcoast.

  6. Westward the Course of EmpireEmmanuel Leutze, 1860

  7. The Southern Economy

  8. Southern Society-Circa 1850 “Slavocracy”[plantation owners] 6,000,000 The“Plain Folk”[white yeoman farmers] Freemen 250,000 Slaves3,200,000 Total US Population  23,000,000[9,250,000 in the South = 40%]

  9. Southern Population

  10. Southern Agriculture

  11. Reliance on Cotton-changes on production 1820 1860

  12. Cotton Exports

  13. Growing concerns over Slavery

  14. Early Emancipation in the North

  15. Slavery in the South-Unusual? • 1780s: 1st antislavery society created in Philadelphia. • By 1804: slavery eliminated from last northern state. • 1807: the legal termination of the slave trade, enforced by the Royal Navy. • 1820s: many newly independent Republics of Central & So. America declared their slaves free. • 1833: slavery abolished throughout the British Empire. • 1844: slavery abolished in the Fr. colonies. • 1861: the serfs of Russia were emancipated

  16. Missouri Compromise

  17. Compromise of 1850

  18. Laws on Slavery • U. S. Constitution:* 3/5s compromise [I.2] * fugitive slave clause [IV.2] • 1793 Fugitive Slave Act. • 1850  stronger Fugitive Slave Act.

  19. Presidential Election 1852 Franklin Pierce Democrat General Winfield Scott Whig John Parker Hale Free-Soil Party

  20. Results

  21. Expansionist Young America in the 1850s America’s Attempted Raids into Latin America

  22. Territorial Growth to 1853

  23. Kansas-Nebraska Act,1854

  24. Harriet Beecher Stowe 1811-1896 • Author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852 • Sold 300,000 its first year • 1 million copies in a decade • Lincoln -“So this is the lady who started this great war”

  25. Bleeding Kansas Border “Ruffians”(pro-slavery Missourians)

  26. Another Fight in Congress-”The Crime Against Congress Sen. Charles Sumner(R-MA) Congr. Preston Brooks(D-SC)

  27. Birth of Republican Party • Northern Whigs • Northern Democrats. • Free-Soilers. • Know-Nothings. • Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

  28. Presidential Election, 1856

  29. Dred Scott Decision • Dred Scott v Sanford, 1857

  30. Lincoln-Douglas Debates • Illinois Senate race 1858 • A House divided against itself, cannot stand. • Popular Sovereignty

  31. Harper’s Ferry, 1859

  32. The Final Nail Election of 1860

  33. The Candidates Abraham Lincoln Republican John Bell Constitutional Union Stephen Douglass Northern Democrat Stephen C. Breckenridge Southern Democrat

  34. The Republican Platform • Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers.] • Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists]. • No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”]. • Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest]. • Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense. • Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers]. • Why would southerners oppose this platform?

  35. RESULTS

  36. A nation coming Apart? Discuss the cartoon. Who is presented and what is it symbolizing?

  37. One Last Attempt to Preserve the Union Crittenden Compromise: Senator John J. Crittenden(Know-Nothing-KY) Corwin Compromise Senator Thomas Corwin (Ohio)

  38. Secession!SC, Dec 20, 1860

  39. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861

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