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Incorporating Chinese and Japanese Art into Brazilian Art History Curriculum

Learn how Chinese and Japanese art, literature, and religion merge into Brazilian art history curriculum at a prestigious art school in Rio de Janeiro. Explore infusions of Buddhism and Islam, enriching the understanding of Asian arts in a historical context.

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Incorporating Chinese and Japanese Art into Brazilian Art History Curriculum

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  1. East West Center - ASDP Honolulu, 9 august 2013 Rosana Pereira de Freitas Professor I Coordinator History of Art (new undergraduate degree) Fine Arts School Federal University of Rio de Janeiro

  2. Infusing Chinese and Japanese Religion, Art and Literature into the Undergraduate Curriculum

  3. In Brazil !!! Infusing Chinese and Japanese Religion, Art and Literature into the Undergraduate Curriculum

  4. First infusion Islam in China In the required course History of Art II Unit 3: Islamic Art (the unit already exist, but we go until the Iberian Peninsula and stop there).

  5. First infusion Islam in China In the required course History of Art II Unit 3: Islamic Art (the unit already exist, but we go until the Iberian Peninsula and stop there).

  6. First infusion Islam in China In the required course History of Art II Infuse examples of sino-islamic art and architecture.

  7. Second infusion Buddhism In the required course Oriental Arts: India/China/Japan BAH364

  8. Second infusion c.11th century black sandstone, 28 x 75 cm Asian Art Museum, Berlim Buddhism Infuse Buddhism as a key theme to connect the 3 units: India/China/Japan

  9. in Parallel c.11th century black sandstone, 28 x 75 cm Asian Art Museum, Berlim Second cup of Buddhism Long-term project: • “Buddhist Art: from the aniconic times until Murakami’s Oval Buddha”

  10. Lastinfusion Special Topic “Art & Text” (or “Word and Image”)there are electives courses called “Tópicos Especiais”

  11. Reading Contemporary Asian Art through Literature (or the vengeance of the art historian)

  12. Context The Fine Arts School of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro is the oldest institution of arts in Brazil. Since colonial times we have had courses in Engraving, Painting, Sculpture, among others. But only in 2009, the degree in History of Art was created.

  13. Context Even being a bicentenary institution – The Fine Arts School was created by the King of Portugal, when the Portuguese Royal Family moved from Portugal under Napoleon threat – it’s the first time that the institution has promoted a course in Asian Arts.

  14. Challenge There is no text-book (no Clunas, no Masson, no Stanley-Baker) Ex. *Wong, Eva (tr), Seven Taoist Masters: a Folk Novel of China (Boston: Shambhala, 1990). We have 3 others books translated into Portuguese on the shelves of self-help books (“Feng Shui” etc.) *Pauline C. Lee recommended readings  but we have: **Watson, Burton (tr), Chuang Tzu (New York: Columbia University Press, 1968). Translated from English (!)

  15. Rugendas, 1822 Tea Plantation The first Chinese Immigrants arrived in Brazil in 1810 (400)

  16. The first Japanese immigrants arrived in Brazil in 1908. Brazil is home to the largest Japanese population outside of Japan. “As of 2004, there were some 1.6 million people of Japanese descent estimated to live in Brazil, accounting for 62 percent of the 2.6 million Japanese and their descendents in total living abroad, according to the Association of Nikkei and Japanese Abroad”. The Japan Times Online, 2008-01-15 A poster used in Japan to attract immigrants to Brazil.

  17. Invitation

  18. Museu Dom João VI

  19. Par de porta pincéis. Museu Dom João VI, Coleção Jerônimo Ferreira das Neves, Rio de Janeiro, Acervo n° 1398A e 1398B. 10 por 5,8 cm, c. 1780 – 1850

  20. Shan Xing I Escalada da Montanha Du Mu (803 – 852) “Por este caminho sinuoso de pedras escalo a montanha até o topo, onde faz frio.O caminho me conduz a um lugar de nuvens brancas onde vivem pessoas.Detenho a minha carruagem e sento-me para apreciar as árvores de bordo,cujas folhas geladas são tão vermelhas quanto as flores de primavera.” (trad. Maria Fernanda Lochschmidt) Porta pincéis. Museu Dom João VI, Coleção Jerônimo Ferreira das Neves, Rio de Janeiro, Acervo n° 1400. 10 x 6 cm. ca. 1780 – 1850

  21. Assumptions • Art and Literature are tied • The importance of narrative • The role of the spectator

  22. Reading Contemporary Asian Art through Literature (or the vengeance of the art historian)

  23. Reading Contemporary Asian Art through Literature Unit 1: “Under Confucians Eyes” Unit 2: Under Buddha’s Smile Unit 3: Under the Moonlight

  24. A detail of “He Xie,” an installation of ceramic crabs at the that refers to a dinner celebrating Ai Weiwei’s studio shortly before its razing by the Chinese government

  25. Visitantes tentam ler A Book from the Sky. 4 mil blocos de madeira A Book from the Sky

  26. In Chinese, the word for river crab, hexie, sounds very similar to that for “harmony”, the ideological buzzword of the current regime referencing the censorship of China

  27. Zhang Huan – Confúcio (2011)

  28. Zhang Huan – Buddha(2011)

  29. Artist: Jocho Title: Amida Buddha Medium: Gold leaf and lacquer on wood Size: height 9'8" (2.95 m) Date: Heian period, c. 1053 CE Source: Phoenix Hall, Byodo-in

  30. Artist: Jocho Title: Amida Buddha Medium: Gold leaf and lacquer on wood Size: height 9'8" (2.95 m) Date: Heian period, c. 1053 CE Source: Phoenix Hall, Byodo-in

  31. Pure Mariko Mori, Oneness, 2003; Pure Land 1996-1998; Dream Temple, 1997-1999

  32. Old themes +Travel literatureYoshitomo Nara

  33. Yoshitomo Nara

  34. Travel literatureWenceslau de Moraes(Lisbon, 1854 - Tokushima, 1929)

  35. Bibliography  1/4 • Bashô. Trilha estreita ao confim. São Paulo, Iluminuras, 1997 ("Oku no hosomichi") • Contos Populares Chineses. São Paulo: Landy, 2000. • Ching, S.C. & Wei, L. S. China – Lendas e Mitos. São Paulo: Kempf, 1984 • Cleary, T. Meditações taoístas. Brasília: Teosófica, 2001 (recolha de textos taoístas) • Cleary, T. O essencial de Confúcio. São Paulo: Best Seller, 1992 • Cleary, T. O essencial do Tao. São Paulo: Best Seller, 1992 • Cleary, T. Wen tzu. Brasilia: Teosófica, 2002. • Confucio Analectos. São Paulo: Pensamento, 1997.

  36. Bibliography  2/4 • Confúcio Conversações. São Paulo: Ibrasa, 1999 (trad. Anne Cheng) • Franchetti, Paulo, org. Haikai; antologia e história. 3a. ed. Campinas, SP, Ed. da Unicamp, 1996 • Gonçalves, R. (org) Textos Budistas e Zen Budistas. São Paulo: Cultrix, 1995. • Goga, H. Masuda & ODA, Teruko. Natureza - berço do haicai; kigologia e antologia. São Paulo, Empresa Jornalística Diário Nippak, 1996 • Guerra, J.J. Dicionário semântico de Chinês – Português. Macau, Jesuítas Portugueses, 1981.  • Hamill, S. & Seaton, J. Chuang Tzu. São Paulo: Cultrix, 2000.

  37. Bibliography  3/4 • Kenkô, Yoshida. A Arte de transformar tempo útil em tempo fútil. São Paulo: Landy, 2001.  • Laozi - Tao te Ching, o livro do Caminho Perfeito. São Paulo: Pensamento, 1985 (trad. M Azevedo) • Laozi - Tao Te King São Paulo: Attar, 1995 • Laozi Daodejing. São Paulo: Hedra, 2002 (trad. M. Sproviero) • Laozi. Tao te king. São Paulo: Paulus, 2001 • Laozi - Tao te ching. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2004. (trad. B. Watson) • Meireles, C. Poemas Chineses. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, 1996 • Merton, T. A Via de Chunag Tzu. Petropolis: Vozes, 1999. • Merton, T. Místicos e mestres zen. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização brasileira, 1972. • Ming, L.I. O Despertar do Tao. São Paulo: Pensamento, 1992. • Savary, Olga, trad. Haikais de Bashô. São Paulo, Hucitec, 1989, 84 p. Antologia de haicais traduzidos do mestre japonês. • Watson, B. Chuang Tzu. São Paulo: Cultrix, 1988 • Wilhelm, R. A Sabedoria do I Ching. São Paulo: Pensamento, 1991 • Wilhelm, R. I Ching. São Paulo: Pensamento, 1986. • Wilhelm, R. Tao Te King. São Paulo: Pensamento, 1989.

  38. Bibliography  4/4 • Merton, T. Místicos e mestres zen. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização brasileira, 1972.  • Ming, L.I. O Despertar do Tao. São Paulo: Pensamento, 1992. • Savary, Olga, trad. Haikais de Bashô. São Paulo, Hucitec, 1989, 84 p. Antologia de haicais traduzidos do mestre japonês. • Watson, B. Chuang Tzu. São Paulo: Cultrix, 1988 • Wilhelm, R. A Sabedoria do I Ching. São Paulo: Pensamento, 1991 • Wilhelm, R. I Ching. São Paulo: Pensamento, 1986. • Wilhelm, R. Tao Te King. São Paulo: Pensamento, 1989.

  39. Supplementary Bibliography 1/2 • Campos, H. (org.) Ideograma. São Paulo: Cultrix, 1977. • Conze, E. Budismo. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 1973  • Cooper, J. C. O Taoísmo. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 1986 • Eliade, M. História das Crenças e idéias religiosas. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 1978. • Kudielka, Robert. "Arte do mundo – arte de todo o mundo?". In: Novos Estudos, São Paulo, CEBRAP, n.67, nov./2003, p. 131-142. • Kuniyoshi, Celina. Imagens do Japão: uma utopia de viajantes. São Paulo: Estação Liberdade; FAPESP,1998.

  40. Supplementary Bibliography 2/2 • Leite, José Roberto Teixeira. A China no Brasil: influências, marcas, ecos e sobrevivências chinesas na sociedade e na arte brasileiras. Campinas: Editora da Unicamp, 1996. • Sullivan, M. A Arte da China e do Japão. Lisboa,1971. • The “Eating Crabs” Youth Book. In: Mann, Susan & Cheng, Yu-Yin. Under Confucian Eyes. Berkeley/Los Angeles/London: University of California Press • Thornton, Sarah. A visita ao Ateliê. In: Sete dias no mundo da arte. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Agir, 2010. • Zimmer, Heinrich. Mitos e símbolos na arte e civilização da Índia. São Paulo: Palas Athenas, 1989.

  41. Further infusions How about a panel? Revisiting the Past, Living the Present, Envisioning the Future: Twentieth National Conference of the Asian Studies Development Program

  42. Zhang Xiaogang b. Kunming, China, 1958. Lives in BeijingBloodline, 1995 Further infusions On the red tread: (non-)authorized genealogies

  43. Obrigado(a)! • Islam in China in the unit Islamic Art • HAV 2

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