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LCLS Accelerator Schematic

Design and Implementation of a Thermal and Acoustic X-ray Detector to Measure the LCLS Beam Energy Jennifer L. Loos August 13, 2009. LCLS Accelerator Schematic. 250 MeV  z  0.19 mm    1.6 %. 4.30 GeV  z  0.022 mm    0.71 %. 13.6 GeV  z  0.022 mm    0.01 %. 6 MeV

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LCLS Accelerator Schematic

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  1. Design and Implementation of a Thermal and Acoustic X-ray Detector to Measure the LCLS Beam EnergyJennifer L. LoosAugust 13, 2009

  2. LCLS Accelerator Schematic 250 MeV z  0.19 mm   1.6 % 4.30 GeV z  0.022 mm   0.71 % 13.6 GeV z  0.022 mm   0.01 % 6 MeV z  0.83 mm   0.05 % 135 MeV z  0.83 mm   0.10 % Linac-X L =0.6 m rf= -160 Linac-0 L =6 m rf gun L0-a,b Linac-3 L 550 m rf  0° Linac-1 L 9 m rf  -25° Linac-2 L 330 m rf  -41° 25-1a 30-8c 21-3b 24-6d ...existing linac 21-1 b,c,d undulator L =130 m X BC1 L 6 m R56 -39 mm BC2 L 22 m R56 -25 mm DL1 L 12 m R56 0 DL2 L =275 m R56  0 SLAC linac tunnel research yard Courtesy of Paul Emma

  3. Courtesy of J. Welch and D. Schultz

  4. Current Diagnostic Used to Measure Beam Power Total Energy (Thermal) Sensor • uses a suite of thermal sensor arrays • Located in Front End Enclosure (FEE) Courtesy R. Bionta

  5. Courtesy of J. Welch and D. Schultz

  6. Beam Dump Area Vacuum Chamber ST0 Old Vacuum Chamber Electronics go here New Vacuum Chamber

  7. Concept For Design “Radiation acoustics is a field of physics in which sound phenomena arising under radiation interacting with matter are studied.” • So, the idea is to have a target material placed in the beam line, and by measuring the acoustic wave produced in the material, the power can be determined. • How is the wave detected and measured?

  8. Piezoelectric Effect Mechanical stress on some materials (in this case ceramic), can generate an electric potential which then creates a voltage across the material. Piezoelectric sensors are attached to the target material. The subsequent deformation caused by the shockwave induced by the beam generates a voltage in the piezo. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piezoelectricity

  9. Miniature Multilayer Piezo Stack Actuators * Sub-Millisecond Response * Sub-Nanometer Resolution * Vacuum Compatible to 109 hPa http://www.physikinstrumente.com/en/products/primages.php?sortnr=100800&picview=1#gallery

  10. RTDs (Resistant Temperature Devices) We also decided to attach RTDs to the target for comparison and calibration purposes. These were modified to a four-wire design for a more accurate measurement of resistance. Selected based on: - Ceramic and platinum materials, both acceptable in vacuum - dimensions (to be attached to a small target)

  11. What material should be used for the target? • Need very hard target material as it will be hit by the x-ray beam • Material must also have appropriate acoustic properties • B4C would be safer, but acoustic properties needed to be determined

  12. Signal Seen in Initial Test of Piezos and B4C Using a Frequency Generator One piezo is driven by a frequency, the response from the second piezo is measured.

  13. Second Laser Test

  14. Target: cubic centimeter (1.25 x 1 x .8 cm) B4C x-ray beam

  15. Translator and Feedthrough Assembly

  16. All of the pieces put together! Design must also incorporate existing YAG screen

  17. Assembly

  18. Third Laser Test

  19. Acknowledgments Many thanks go to The Department of Energy Office of Science and the SULI program for providing this rewarding and very educational opportunity. Special thanks also go to my mentor Joe Frisch, Tonee Smith, Mark Petree, Phil Cutino, Dave Shelley and the machinists in Light Fabrication who lent their extensive expertise to this effort. Thanks also to fellow SULI student Greg Bentsen.

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