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Please open books to page 272

Please open books to page 272. A MUSLIM CALIPHATE. Chapter 10, Lesson 3. Time Period 750-1200 AD. Read the Big Picture p.272. THE BIG PICTURE. Centuries before the founding of Baghdad, Persian rulers controlled lands north of the Arabian peninsula from Egypt to India.

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Please open books to page 272

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  1. Please open books to page 272

  2. A MUSLIM CALIPHATE Chapter 10, Lesson 3. Time Period 750-1200 AD Read the Big Picture p.272

  3. THE BIG PICTURE • Centuries before the founding of Baghdad, Persian rulers controlled lands north of the Arabian peninsula from Egypt to India. • The Persian empire was in decline in the A.D. 600’s as Islam developed in Mecca. • This allowed Muhammad to gain control of the Arabian peninsula. By 700, Muslim rulers controlled the Mediterranean region. • In 762 the decision to build a capital city was made which would become the center of Muslim achievements in science, art, and architecture.

  4. Quietly conference with your team, compare your notes, and create the main idea The Big Picture. Main Idea: As the Persian Empire declines, Muslims gain control of the Arabian Peninsula. You have two minutes and must try to keep the main idea to a sentence.

  5. MAP OF ARABIAN PENINSULA

  6. THE CALIPHATE, c. A.D. 740-760

  7. MAP WORK • Which River Flowed near Baghdad? • Which city is closest to the Persian Gulf- Constantinople, Baghdad, or Mecca? • About how far is Baghdad from Mecca? Click for answers: • Tigris River, Euprates River • Baghdad • About 950 miles

  8. HOTWORDS Caliphs (KAY lihfs) – A Muslim leader who had both political and religious authority Mosque (MAHSK) – A Muslim place of worship. Read the Muslim Rule & Baghdad, p.273

  9. MUSLIM RULE • Islam was just over 100 years old • Caliphs had been chosen to govern the land • In many areas people welcomed Islam and became Muslims

  10. Baghdad A statue of the caliph Al-Monsour, founder of the city of Baghdad, watches over traffic.

  11. Baghdad • From the late 700s until the 1200s Baghdad was the capital of the Muslim caliphate • Baghdad had more than 1 million people making it one of the world’s largest cities. • Baghdad had an international flavor, providing goods to purchase from all over the known world.

  12. Map of Baghdad and surrounding areas

  13. Map of Baghdad

  14. Downtown Baghdad From the center of Baghdad, four main roads went to all parts of the caliphate (empire). Traders used these roads to bring riches from all over the caliphate and beyond. Here are some picture of modern day Baghdad

  15. Window looking out on the Tigris river

  16. Downtown Baghdad

  17. Architecture in the "old" Baghdad, or downtown

  18. Sightseeing in Baghdad

  19. Downtown market, Baghdad

  20. An old man in his store, Baghdad

  21. Grilling Fish in a Baghdad restaurant

  22. One of several gigantic works in progress in Baghdad.

  23. View of Baghdad skyline Picture from Global Nomad Groups

  24. Middle East architecture

  25. Quietly conference with your team, compare your notes, and create the main idea MUSLIM RULE & Baghdad. Main Idea: In 760 Islam was 100 years old. In that time Caliphs ruled a large area around Arabia called the Muslim Caliphate, the capital of which was the very prosperous city of Baghdad. You have two minutes and must try to keep the main idea to a sentence.

  26. ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE CALIPHATE Muslims made major advances in medicine, math and science. Read the 274-275, Achievements of the Caliphate, Advances in Medicine & Math and Science

  27. “He who travels in search of knowledge travels along Allah’s path of Paradise.”

  28. Advances in Medicine Records show that Arabic doctors performed many different surgical operations including the removal of varicose veins, kidney stones and the replacement of dislocated limbs. They used sponges soaked in narcotic drugs which were placed over the patient's nose as early anesthetics. The Arab Physician and scholar Ibn Sina

  29. Math and Science • Muslims created a simplified number system to that of the Romans which is commonly used in the world today. • Muslim mathematicians built on the work of Hindu scholars greatly improving the field of al-jabr “algebra” • Muslims also made great advancements in the field of astronomy, improving the Greek’s astrolabe instrument

  30. HOTWORDS Astrolabe – An instrument invented by Muslims that is used to determine direction by figuring out the position of the stars Algebra – A type of mathematics to which Muslims made great contributions

  31. Places of Worship Read Places of Worship, p.275

  32. A Muslim Mosque

  33. Edirne, Turkey

  34. A 14th-century mosque still dominates Yazd’s oldest quarter

  35. Places of Worship • Muslims followed specific guidelines when building Muslim mosques • A builder must do the following when building a mosque: make sure that it faces Mecca, include a courtyard and prayer towers, and provide a water source so that worshippers can cleanse themselves. • The oldest Muslim monument still standing is the Dome of the Rock, built in 691.

  36. Dome of the Rock, JerusalemArea view of the Dome of the Rock terrace from southwest with the Wailing Wall on the bottom right corner.

  37. Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem View from the west, with Minaret Bab al-Silsila

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