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PERIODS OF AMERICAN LITERATURE

PERIODS OF AMERICAN LITERATURE. 1650 – present day. Pre-Colonial/ Native American [  1600]. CHARACTERISTICS 1 ST Americans Creation & Origin Myths Legends Storytelling Oral Tradition. Pre-Colonial/ Native American. Writers & Works Earth on a Turtle’s Back.

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PERIODS OF AMERICAN LITERATURE

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  1. PERIODS OF AMERICAN LITERATURE 1650 – present day

  2. Pre-Colonial/ Native American[  1600] CHARACTERISTICS 1ST Americans Creation & Origin Myths Legends Storytelling Oral Tradition

  3. Pre-Colonial/ Native American Writers & Works Earth on a Turtle’s Back

  4. Colonial(Puritans & Age of Reason)[1600-1800] CHARACTERISTICS PURITANS [1600-1700] • Sermons • Personal Narratives • Plain Style • Authority of Bible & church

  5. Colonial(Puritans & Age of Reason)[1600-1800] CHARACTERISTICS AGE OF REASON [1700-1800] • Political pamphlets • Ornate Style • Persuasive Writing • Patriotism

  6. COLONIAL HISTORY PURITAN Person’s fate determined by God • All are corrupt & must be saved by Christ • Settlement of British Colonies in America AGE OF REASON • Revolutionary War • Instructive in values

  7. COLONIAL PURITAN • William Bradford • Mary Rowlandson • Jonathan Edwards • Anne Bradstreet • The Crucible (Arthur Miller-1950) AGE OF REASON • Thomas Jefferson • Benjamin Franklin • Thomas Paine • Patrick Henry

  8. ROMANTICISM[1800-1860] CHARACTERISTICS • VALUE FEELING & INTUITION OVER REASON • IMAGINATION • MYSTERY • SLAVE NARRATIVES • POETRY • SHORT STORIES

  9. ROMANTICISM HISTORY Expansion of magazines, np, and book publishing • Slavery debates • Industrial Revolution: “old ways” of doing things are now irrelevant

  10. ROMANTICISM WRITERS • Washington Irving • William Cullen Bryant • Paul Laurence Dunbar • Nathaniel Hawthorne • Edgar Allan Poe • Emily Dickinson • Herman Melville

  11. TRANSCENDENTALISM/ Anti-Transcendentalism CHARACTERISTICS TRANSCENDENTALISM [1840-1860] • “American Renaissance” • Self-Reliance • Individualism • Inner-Light • Idealist • Utopia • Intuition

  12. TRANSCENDENTALISM/ Anti-Transcendentalism CHARACTERISTICS ANTI-TRANSCENDENTALISM • “Dark Romanticism” • Symbolism • Sin, Pain, & Evil

  13. TRANSCENDENTALISM/ ANTI-TRANSCENDENTALISM WRITERS TRANSCENDENTALISM • Ralph Waldo Emerson • Henry David Thoreau • Nathaniel Hawthorne* ANTI-TRANSCENDENTALISM • Edgar Allan Poe*

  14. REALISM/ REGIONALISM/ NATURALISM CHARACTERISTICS • “Local Color” • Ordinary People • Real-life, Every-day events • Objective Narrator • Open Interpretation • Slave Narratives • Fate and circumstance is beyond man’s control

  15. REALISM/ REGIONALISM/ NATURALISM HISTORY [1860-1900] • Civil War & post Civil War • Influence of Sigmund Freud & Charles Darwin • Demand for “truer” type of lit. that does not idealize people or places

  16. REALISM/ REGIONALISM/ NATURALISM WRITERS • Walt Whitman • Mark Twain • Ambrose Bierce • Stephen Crane • Frederick Douglas • Kate Chopin • Edith Wharton • Edwin Arlington Robinson

  17. MODERNISM CHARACTERISTICS • Pessimism • “American Dream” • Imagism • Lost Generation • Beat Generation • Use of interior monologue & stream of consciousness • Plays, Poetry, Novels

  18. MODERNISM HISTORY [1900-1950] • WWI & WWII • “Jazz Age”/ “Roaring 20’s” • Harlem Renaissance • The Great Depression • Karl Marx • rise of youth culture

  19. HARLEM RENAISSANCE 1920s Literary movement parallel to Modernism. It focused on African American thought and community. Civil rights and equality were major themes of Harlem Renaissance writing. During this period African Americans were for the first time recognized as artists, writers and musicians.

  20. MODERNISM WRITERS • F. Scott Fitzgerald • Robert Frost • T.S. Elliot • John Steinbeck • William Faulkner • Langston Hughes • W.E.B. DuBois • Ezra Pound • William Carlos Williams • Arthur Miller*

  21. POST-MODERNISM/ CONTEMPORARY CHARACTERISTICS [1950 ] • Mix of fantasy w/ non-fiction • Media culture interprets values • Narratives • Anti-Heroes • Emotion-Provoking • Humorous Irony • Storytelling • Autobiographies • Individual Isolation • Social Issues (ethnic & feminist)

  22. POST-MODERNISM/ CONTEMPORARY HISTORY • Post WWII prosperity • New century & millennium • Space exploration • Korean War • Vietnam War • Gulf War • WTC/ 9-11 • Iraqi War • Advances in technology

  23. POST-MODERNISM/ CONTEMPORARY WRITERS • Arthur Miller • Toni Morrison • Sylvia Plath • J.D. Salinger • “Beat Poets” • Maya Angelou • Alice Walker

  24. …and the rest is unwritten…

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