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Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing – Chapter 9

Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing – Chapter 9. Emilio Chuvieco and Alfredo Huete. RS and GIS. Managing of geographic information. Relationships between the two techniques: GIS contributions to RS. RS contributions to GIS. Procedures to link RS and GIS: Updating vectors.

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Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing – Chapter 9

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  1. Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing – Chapter 9 Emilio Chuvieco and Alfredo Huete

  2. RS and GIS Managing of geographic information. Relationships between the two techniques: GIS contributions to RS. RS contributions to GIS. Procedures to link RS and GIS: Updating vectors. Exporting interval-scale variables. Exporting classified data.

  3. Integrated approach of a Geographic Information System Spatial model Analysis Input Variables

  4. Management model of spatial information for a grazing assessment Soils Grass moisture Topography / DEM GIS Meteorology Vegetation types Efficient Demography Economic communication Sociology Evaluation Management model

  5. Hardware affinities between remote sensing and GIS (+ indicates commonly used, * sporadic)

  6. GIS contributions to RS (1/2) Geometric and radiometric corrections: Shade correction. Geolocation in rough terrain. Display: Include vector data into raster results. 3-D displays, virtual flights.

  7. Shade correction Original Meyer,1993 After Riaño et al., 2002

  8. 3D Views

  9. GIS contributions to RS (2/2) Clasification: Stratifying input variables. Location of training fields. Including ancillary data. Post-classification refinement. Results assessment.

  10. Stratification Tanganika lake, MODIS image 5-07-2002

  11. RS contributions to GIS (1/2) • Generation of variables. Those difficult to measure on the field: • Atmospheric conditions. • Chlorophyll content, salinity, turbidity, water temperature. • Vegetation density, LAI. • Snow cover. • Global studies. • Unaccessible areas.

  12. Chlorophyll content in the Mediterranean Seawifs data

  13. Flood simulations from Lidar Bonn (Germany) http://www.geolas.com/

  14. RS contributions to GIS (2/2) • Dynamic phenomena: • Wetlands trends. • Urban transformations. • Deforestation, desertification. • Sporadic phenomena: • Floods - Droughts. • Forest fires. • Volcanic eruptions.

  15. Floods in Central Europe 2002 WIFS images from 31 July 21 August http://www.euromap.de/exam_115.htm

  16. Oil spills: the sinking of the Prestige oil tanker, 2002 Wide Swath Vertical Pol ENVISAT image November 07, 2002

  17. Procedures to connect RS and GIS • Visual integration: On-line digitizing. • Requires geometric correction. • Digital integration: • Geometric correction. • Classification / continuous variable. • Generalization. • Vectorization (optional).

  18. + M-45 A satellite image can be used as a graphic support to update geographic information

  19. V Fp Cs Ml Methods to integrate remote sensing data into GIS Thematic file Classified Image Digital Processing Digital Storage Sensor GIS Photographic image V Fp ESA - EARTHNET LANDSAT-5 4/3/2 MAY 18 1989 Cs Ml V Manual Digitization Fp Cs Ml

  20. Digital integration • Geometric aspects: • Transform projection/datum. • Adjust max/min coordinates. • Adjust pixel resolution. • Generalization (optional). • Vectorization (optional).

  21. Geometric aspects in the integration of satellite images into a GIS Georectified Image Frame adjustment Original image 435000 4468000 Resolution adjustment 4434000 455000 Map

  22. Integration of digital images in a GIS Raster GIS Generalization Classification Original Image Physical variable Vector GIS Vectorization

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