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Liver Dialysis: Molecular Adsorbents Recirculation System

Katie Brown Bme 281 11/27/2012. Liver Dialysis: Molecular Adsorbents Recirculation System. Problem Being Solved. Liver Failure is caused by:

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Liver Dialysis: Molecular Adsorbents Recirculation System

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  1. Katie Brown Bme 281 11/27/2012 Liver Dialysis: Molecular Adsorbents Recirculation System

  2. Problem Being Solved • Liver Failure is caused by: • Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Long term alcohol consumption, Cirrhosis, Hemochromatosis, Malnutrition, Acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose, reactions to certain prescription and herbal medications, Ingestion of poisonous wild mushrooms • 2000 people die each year while waiting for a liver transplant

  3. History of Liver Transplants • 1728-John hunter, a Scottish surgeon, performed animal transplants and tooth transplants • 1890-Matheui Jaboulay discovers vascular anastomosis with everting sutures • 1901- Alexis Carrol implemented animal organ transplant using a triangulating vessel technique

  4. History (cont) • 1963-Tom Starzl performed the first liver transplantation • 1970’s-Starzl and other surgeons 100 executed transplantations with 30% success • 1996-Stanford split liver transplant • 2004- Germany has developed MARS – Molecular Absorbent Recirculating System

  5. Liver • Has many functions making it one of the most important organs in the body • processes digested food from the intestine controlling levels of fats, amino acids and glucose in the blood  • combating infections in the body  clearing the blood of particles and infections • manufacturing bile • stores iron, vitamins and other essential chemicals • makes enzymes and proteins

  6. Current State: Molecular Adsorbents Recirculation System, or MARS • The closest we are to a “artificial liver” • Cannot replace a liver, but is a bridge between liver failure and transplant • How it works • Transports a patient's blood to a filter • Mixed with a sticky protein called albumin. • Toxins in the blood attach to the albumin molecules, which then carry the poisons out of the blood

  7. Limitations • Is not permanent – do not replace liver • Only last for a short period of time • In hospital • May have complications-infections • Cost for a seven hour treatment € 300 for 600 ml human serum albumin solution (20%), € 1740 for a MARS treatment kit and € 125 disposables used by the dialysis machine have to be spent

  8. Future • More like a liver • Lower Cost • Longer lasting • Portable • “artificial liver”

  9. Works Cited • Busuttil RW, Goss JA. Split liver transplantation. Ann Surg. 1999;229:313–321. • Khuroo MS, Farahat KL. Molecular adsorbent recirculating system for acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure: a meta-analysis. Liver Transpl 2004; 10: 1099-1106. • Johnson, Kimball. "Liver Failure." Web MD. Web MD, 11 2012. Web. 20 Nov 2012. • Cohen, Jamie. "New Artificial Liver Shows Promise." ABC News. ABC News, 17 2012. Web. 20 Nov 2012. • "Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System." Therapies. Gambro, 2011. Web. 20 Nov 2012. • "A Brief Summary of the Liver's Functions." Fighting Liver Disease. British Liver Trust, 2011. Web. 20 Nov 2012. • "Liver Dialysis Unit." Fighting Liver Disease. Hepatitis Central, n.d. Web. 20 Nov 2012.

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