The Skeletal System

1. The Skeletal System 9/7/2014 1

2. Today’s Warm-Up • School-House Rock: “Dem Bones” • Robot Dancing Video

3. Today’s Warm-Up Skeletal facts… • How many bones are in the average adult human body? • How many bones does a baby have? • What/where is the longest bone on the body? • What/where is the smallest bone in the body? 206 Over 300! The “femur” or thighbone 3 bones in the middle ear- stirrup, anvil & hammer

4. Today’s Warm-Up • Pics: Dinosaur Valley State Park- Glen Rose, Texas • It’s the bones (skeletal system) of long-dead creatures that allows us to learn about the Earth’s past. • At DVSP they have found bones, fossils, and even footprints of ancient dinosaurs!

5. Dinosaur Valley SP • The early Cretaceous track beds in DVSP are dated by geologists as approximately 110 millions years old!

6. Dinosaur Valley SP

7. The Skeletal System • Definition: • all of the bones in the body

8. The Skeletal System 5 Major Functions • forms an internal, living framework that: • provides shape and support to your body • protects internal organs • provides for muscle attachment (movement) • forms blood cells in the marrow • stores calcium and phosphorous compounds for later use

9. Bones • Made of layers of living tissue • Covered with a tough, tight-fitting membrane called the periosteum • See text- pg. 499

10. Compact Bone • Directly under the periosteum • Hard, strong layer • Gives bones strength • Contains deposits of calcium phosphate • Contains bone cells and blood vessels

11. Spongy Bone • Located inside and at the ends of long bones • Has many small, open spaces that make bones lightweight • Filled with a substance called marrow • Yellow: composed of fat cells • Red: produces red blood cells

12. Cartilage • Smooth, slippery, thick layer of tissue • Covers the ends of bones at joints • Flexible and acts as a shock absorber • Makes movement easier by reducing friction (damaged cartilage leads to joint pain) • As you age much of your cartilage is gradually broken down & replaced by bone

13. Bones • Using the next slide and your textbook (See text- pg. 499) as a guide- draw a bone and label the layers • Do this IN YOUR LAB-BOOK! • I will stamp when complete.

15. Joints • Definition: • Any place where two or more bones come together • Human knee

16. Joints • Kept far enough apart by a thin layer of cartilage so that they do not rub directly against each other as they move • Bones are held in place at joints by a tough band of tissue called ligament

17. Types of Joints • Immovable: allow for little or no movement • Skull • Pelvis • Moveable • Pivot • Ball & Socket • Hinge • Gliding

18. Types of Joints • Pivot Joint- • One bone rotates in a ring of another bone that does not move (forearm and neck)

19. Types of Joints Ball and Socket Joint- Bone with a rounded end that fits into a cuplike cavity on another bone (hip and shoulder)

20. Types of Joints Hinge Joint Back-and-forth movement like hinges on a door (elbow or knee)

21. Type of Joints Gliding Joint One part of a bone slides over another bone- used the most in the body (wrist & hand)

22. Bones • Using your notes and you textbook (See text- pg. 502) as a guide- give two examples of where all five joints can be found in the body. • Do this IN YOUR LAB-BOOK!

23. The Skeletal System • Skeletal System BrainPop! • Skeletal System Video Clip

24. Make it a great day Mustangs!