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The Skeletal System

The Skeletal System. The Vertebral Column. Axial Skeleton. Consists of: Skull Vertebral column Thoracic cage. Column. Provides support and protection Consists of bones called vertebrae. Curvatures (4) and Regions (4). Cervical anterior curve & 7 vertebrae.

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The Skeletal System

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  1. The Skeletal System The Vertebral Column

  2. Axial Skeleton • Consists of: • Skull • Vertebral column • Thoracic cage

  3. Column • Provides support and protection • Consists of bones called vertebrae

  4. Curvatures (4) and Regions (4)

  5. Cervicalanterior curve & 7 vertebrae

  6. Thoracicposterior curve & 12 vertebrae

  7. Lumbaranterior curve & 5 vertebrae

  8. Sacralposterior & 2 vertebrae-sacrum, coccyx

  9. Normal Curvatures • A, P, A, P (superior to inferior)

  10. Normal Curvatures • No lateral curvature

  11. Abnormal Curvatures • Kyphosis – thoracic (posterior) • Lordosis – lumbar (anterior) • Scoliosis – lateral (usually lumbar)

  12. Typical vertebrasuperior view

  13. Typical vertebra

  14. Typical Vertebralateral view

  15. Intervertebral Foramen

  16. Typical Vertebrae • C3 – C7 • T1 – T12 • L1 – L5

  17. Atypical Vertebrae • C1 – atlas • C2 – axis

  18. Atlas • No body • No spinous process • Articular facets 4. In contact w/ occipital condyles

  19. Occipital Condyles YES

  20. Axis 1. Odontoid process

  21. Axis • NO – atlas rotates around axis • Shaking Baby Syndrome

  22. Unique to Cervical Vertebrae 1. Only cervical vertebrae have transverse foramen • Possess transverse foramen 2. Transmits vertebral arteries to brain

  23. Transverse Foramen

  24. Sacrum and Coccyx 1. Sacrum – fusion of 5 vertebrae, complete 25-30 yo 2. Coccyx – fusion of ~ 4 vertebrae, complete 25-30 yo

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