August 20, 2013

1. EQ- Describe the hardships and successes faced by the colonists at Jamestown. August 20, 2013 Table of Contents: 11. Jamestown Notes 12. Jamestown 5W’s 13. Cannibalism at Jamestown Response Agenda: Review Roanoke and Colonization Jamestown Facts Cannibalism at Jamestown HW- Complete your Cannibalism at Jamestown Response. Do Now- On the post-it note I have given you, tell me about Pocahontas and the history of Jamestown.

2. Jamestown, Virginia First permanent English colony- started in 1607 John Smith- leader of the group Virginia Colony- the company that got the charter, the money, and recruited the people to go King James- the King of England at the time 150 passengers came in the first group- Landed in 1607

3. Rough Start • Picked location because there were no Indians there • Swampy land, contaminated water, lots of disease • Colonists were lazy and refused to work • Winter 1607- only 38 remained alive • Smith says he will kill anyone who refuses to work and gets the Powhatan Indians to agree to give food to the settlers • He catches on fire in an accident and has to return to England for treatment

4. More people • 1609- 600 new settlers arrive • Powhatan Indians get freaked out by the increase in people and start killing animals and destroying farms • By winter of 1610- massive starvation, eating *anything* to stay alive (shoe leather, rats, other people) • This is called “The Starving Time” • Only 60 of them survived.

5. The turn-around • New group came, including a man named John Rolfe • Began to whip and hang colonists who didn’t work • John Rolfe has tobacco seeds and starts growing • Realize there is a huge market for “brown gold” in England

6. Need workers! • Making money from tobacco, now they need more people to farm • Headright system- Virginia company will give you 50 acres of land if you pay for your passage to Virginia (or someone else’s) • These large plots of land are called plantations • Indentured servants- people who came over and agreed to work for a number of years in exchange for passage, food, and shelter (usually 4-7 years) • 1619- first group of Africans brought by the Dutch (19), treated as indentured servants- eventually free and owned land

7. Bad times with the Natives • English looked down on Native Americans as savages; wouldn’t intermarry • Hated the Powhatan for what they did during The Starving Time • Retaliated by setting Powhatan villages on fire, killing people and kidnapping women and children • One of these kidnapped children was Pocahontas- Chief Powhatan’s daughter. She married John Rolfe in 1614 • 1622 Powhatans attacked and killed lots of colonists • England has to send protection- makes Virginia a royal colony under the King’s control

9. Poor people unite! • By 1644- 10,000 Virginians • Poor people didn’t own land, couldn’t vote, had no legal rights and lived on the outskirts where they still had to fight with Native Americans • Gov. Berkeley (now in charge of colony) taxed the poor and gave benefits to the wealthy • Things got nasty between frontier Virginians and Native Americans • Gov. Berkeley would not send protection or help • Nathaniel Bacon gets mad!

10. Bacon’s Rebellion • Planter who detested Native Americans (“wolves” who preyed upon our “harmless and innocent lambs”) • Mad at Gov. Berkeley for not fighting them off • 1676- Bacon gathers an army himself to fight the Nas • Gov. Berkeley declares the army illegal and the army turns to march on Jamestown to confront him • Bacon got sick and died • King Charles recalls Gov. Berkeley • People start paying attention to the poor people and the power they had