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ANTE TODO You have already learned that ser and estar both mean to be but are used for different purposes. . Uses of ser. Uses of ser. ¡ATENCIÓN!
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ANTE TODO • You have already learned that ser and estar both mean to be but are used for different purposes.
¡ATENCIÓN! • Note that de is generally used after ser to express not only origin (Es de Buenos Aires.) and possession (Es la pluma de Maite.), but also what material something is made of (La bicicleta es de metal.).
Ser and estar with adjectives • With many descriptive adjectives, ser and estar can both be used, but the meaning will change. Juan es delgado. Juan está más delgado hoy. Juan is thin. Juan looks thinner today. Ana es nerviosa. Ana está nerviosa por el examen. Ana is a nervous person. Ana is nervous because of the exam. • In the examples above, the statements with ser are general observations about the inherent qualities of Juan and Ana. The statements with estar describe conditions that are variable.
Adjectives that change in meaning when used with ser and estar With ser With estar El chico es listo. El chico está listo. The boy is smart. The boy is ready. La profesora es mala. La profesora está mala. The professor is bad. The professor is sick. Jaime es aburrido. Jaime está aburrido. Jaime is boring. Jaime is bored.
Adjectives that change in meaning when used with ser and estar With ser With estar Las peras son verdes. Las peras están verdes. The pears are green. The pears are not ripe. El gato es muy vivo. El gato está vivo. The cat is very lively. The cat is alive. El puente es seguro. Él no está seguro. The bridge is safe. He’s not sure.
¡INTÉNTALO!Form complete sentences by using the correct form of ser or estar, the correct form of each adjective, and any other necessary words. 1. Alejandra / cansado _______________ 2. Ellos / pelirrojo _______________ 3. Carmen / alto _______________ 4. Yo / la clase de español _______________ 5. Película / a las once _______________ 6. Hoy / viernes _______________ 7. Nosotras / enojado _______________ 8. Antonio / médico _______________ 9. Romeo y Julieta / enamorado _______________ 10. Libros / de Ana _______________ 11. Marisa y Juan / estudiando _______________ 12. Partido de baloncesto / gimnasio _______________