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The Olmec , 1500 BCE – 400 BCE

The Olmec , 1500 BCE – 400 BCE . Migration to the Americas. Presence in the Americas for 35,000 – 40,000 years Bering Strait 9,000 BCE = People reach the Tierra del Fuego Hunters-Gatherers until 7,000 BCE. Agricultural Revolution. Mesoamerica = Corn Caribbean = Manioc Andes = Potato

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The Olmec , 1500 BCE – 400 BCE

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  1. The Olmec, 1500 BCE – 400 BCE

  2. Migration to the Americas • Presence in the Americas for 35,000 – 40,000 years • Bering Strait • 9,000 BCE = People reach the Tierra del Fuego • Hunters-Gatherers until 7,000 BCE

  3. Agricultural Revolution • Mesoamerica = Corn • Caribbean = Manioc • Andes = Potato • Squash, beans, peppers, sunflowers Manioc sold at market

  4. Social Class • Conspicuous consumption among the wealthy • Cotton clothing, jewelry, permanent housing, pottery • Role of men in society changes • Priests & Military warriors as castes

  5. What is a “civilization”? • Dependent upon agriculture • Large and dense populations • Trade • Range of settlements (rural – urban) • Central governments • Trade • Social stratification • Specialized occupations

  6. Who are the Olmec? • Tropical lowlands of Mexico • The “mother civilization” • “People of the land of rubber” • Invented the tortilla • The rubber ball game • 1,500 BCE – 400 BCE

  7. Rise to Power • Obsidian projectile points vs. Wooden tools • Spread of religion • Trade & the desire for Olmec luxury items • Exclusive warriors

  8. Olmec Religion • Cult of the Jaguar • San Lorenzo (1150 – 900 BCE) • La Venta (900 – 400 BCE) Toltec depiction of the jaguar at Chichen Itza

  9. Olmec Heads • Basalt • 8 statues of rulers or gods?

  10. Olmec Trade • Luxury items • Jewelry, feathers, cotton, cacao beans, ceramics, jade figurines • Invention of the tortilla • Women and the comal Cooking tortillas on a comal

  11. The Rubber Ball Game

  12. Olmec’s Legacy • Cult of the jaguar • Religious calendar • Astronomy • Trade • Agriculture/Food technologies • Hieroglyphic writing Olmec rain god at A. Oaxaca, Central Mexico, and Maya regions from left to right.

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