Chapter 4: Listening & Evaluating

1. Chapter 4:Listening & Evaluating Public Speaking Unit 1

2. What Makes a Good Listener? Hearing Listening being able to detect sounds getting meaning from sounds that are heard

3. What Makes a Good Listener? Good listeners are attentive and receptive. They actively seek out information, evaluate what they hear, and respond to it. Effective listening requires concentration and effort.

4. What Makes a Good Listener? A good listener can…. Develop your interpersonal skills Discover unexpected insights Increase your knowledge and your ability to evaluate Improve your performance in school and at work

5. Factors That Affect Listening Your Physical and Mental State The Speaker Your Prejudices (prejudgment or bias) The Environment

6. How To Control Factors That Affect Listening: Be energetic and focused. Focus on the message. Keep an open mind. Do what you can to adjust the physical environment.

7. “Pay”ing Attention Pay out our most personal assets—our time, interest, and effort—to receive something valuable in return—information, entertainment, and perhaps even comfort

8. Critical Listening not only comprehending what is being said but also testing the strength of the ideas

9. Critical Listening Involves…. Identifying the Speaker’s Goals Identifying Main Ideas Identifying Supporting Details Using Context Clues Taking Advantage of Nonverbal Cues

10. Goal purpose for giving speech

11. 2 techniques speaker’s use to alert listeners to main ideas: • Repetition – repeating a certain word, phrase, or sentence each time a new point is raised • Signal words – words that indicate that a list, contrast, or connection is about to be made Main Ideas speaker’s most important points

12. Identifying supporting details helps you to evaluate whether or not the evidence sufficiently supports the speaker’s ideas. Supporting Details examples, facts, statistics, reasons, anecdotes, or expert testimony that a speaker uses to back up main ideas

13. Speakers usually provide meaning clues when using words or technical terms that are unfamiliar to an audience. • Types of context clues: • Synonyms • Comparisons or contrasts • examples Using Context Clues Context– the surrounding words and sentences

14. Taking Advantage of Nonverbal Clues • Effective listeners carefully weigh speakers’ behavior against their words. • Be alert to two basic effects of nonverbal cues: • Emphasis • Contradiction

15. Listening Actively Apply what you hear to yourself. Think as you listen. Use association and mnemonic devices to remember important details. Take notes. Give the speaker—and yourself—feedback.