1 / 12

I. The Origins of China, 6500 B.C.E.–221 B.C.E. II. The Qin and Han Empires, 221 B.C.E.–220 C.E.

I. The Origins of China, 6500 B.C.E.–221 B.C.E. II. The Qin and Han Empires, 221 B.C.E.–220 C.E. I. The Origins of China, 6500 B.C.E.–221 B.C.E. A. Neolithic Age, c. 6500–c. 1600 B.C.E. Homo erectus , Homo sapiens Huanghe River Yangzi River Yangshao (5000–3000 B.C.E.) oracle bones

harley
Download Presentation

I. The Origins of China, 6500 B.C.E.–221 B.C.E. II. The Qin and Han Empires, 221 B.C.E.–220 C.E.

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. I. The Origins of China, 6500 B.C.E.–221 B.C.E. II. The Qin and Han Empires, 221 B.C.E.–220 C.E.

  2. I. The Origins of China, 6500 B.C.E.–221 B.C.E. • A. Neolithic Age, c. 6500–c. 1600 B.C.E.Homo erectus, Homo sapiens • Huanghe River • Yangzi River • Yangshao (5000–3000 B.C.E.) • oracle bones • Sages: • Fu Xi • Shen Nong • Huang Di • Five Sovereigns: • Huang Di • Yao • Shun • Xia Dynasty Yu

  3. I. The Origins of China, 6500 B.C.E.–221 B.C.E. • B. Bronze Age: The Shang Dynasty • (c. 1600–c. 1027 B.C.E.) • Capitals: • Zhengzhou Anyang • Culture • taotie • pictographs • Rule • oracles • Di, supreme diety • Magic • yin and yang

  4. I. The Origins of China, 6500 B.C.E.–221 B.C.E.C. The Zhou Dynasty (1027?–221 B.C.E.) • Book of Documents • idea of “heavenly mandate” king as “son of heaven” • King Wen—founder • his brother, Duke of Zhou, regent for: • King Wu • son of Wen • moves capital to Luoyang • by 8th century B.C.E., weakness • > 771 B.C.E., overthrown • dynasty survives at Luoyang to 250 B.C.E.

  5. I. The Origins of China, 6500 B.C.E.–221 B.C.E. • [C. The Zhou Dynasty (1027?–221 B.C.E.)] • [1027–771 B.C.E.—“Western Zhou” • 771–250 B.C.E.—“Eastern Zhou”] • from 335 B.C.E.—wang, rival kings • Warring States (402–221 B.C.E.) • Qin ruler establishes empire by 221 B.C.E. • Technology • iron • plow, better irrigation, fertilization • canals • Religion • ancestor worship • The Book of Songs (1000–600 B.C.E.) • Lady Hao, wife of King Wu • (c. 1200 B.C.E.) Clever men build cities, Clever women topple them… Disorder does not come down from heaven, It is produced by women. from The Book of Songs

  6. I. The Origins of China, 6500 B.C.E.–221 B.C.E. • E. The Philosophical Schools • Confucianism: The Foundation • Kong Fuzi (c. 551–479 B.C.E.) • Analects—selected sayings • jinzi—gentleman • li—correct behavior • Dao = the way, “moral personality” • stressed ethical values • Mozi (c. 490–391 B.C.E.) • universal love, less emphasis on family “The way (Dao) of learning to be great consists in shining with the illustrious power of moral personality, in making a new people, in abiding in the highest goodness” “Never do to others what you would not like them to do to you.” “The noble man understands what is right; the inferior man understands what is profitable.” from the writings of Confucius

  7. I. The Origins of China, 6500 B.C.E.–221 B.C.E. • Mencius (Mengzi, c. 372–c. 289 B.C.E.) • political philosophy • land reform • “well-field” system “removing the Mandate” • Legalism • Xunzi (c. 310–c. 220 B.C.E.) • Lord Shang (d. 338 B.C.E.) • follower, Han Feizi (d. 233 B.C.E.) • Li Si (d. 208 B.C.E.) • Qin minister • Daoism • Zhuangzi (c. 369–c. 286 B.C.E.) • Texts: Daodejing, Zhuangzi

  8. II. The Qin and Han Empires, 221 B.C.E.–220 C.E. • A. The Qin Dynasty: Unification • Lord Shang • minister from 361 B.C.E. • legalist • King Zheng (247–210 B.C.E.) • supported by Lu Buwei and Li Si • conquest of Han, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Qi • > 221 B.C.E. Unification • title: Shi Huangdi = emperor • program: • weaken nobles • restructure society • nobility replaced by 20 ranks • single legal system • influenced by Legalism • unified currency

  9. II. The Qin and Han Empires B. The Han Dynasty 1. The Empire Consolidated • Xiang Yu v. Liu Bang • following death of Zheng • Liu Bang victorious, 206 B.C.E. • > Gaozu (202–195 B.C.E.) • balance of wu (military power) and wen (ethical civilian rule) • centralization • use of Confucian scholars • 2. Wudi (141–87 B.C.E.) • university for government officials • > 30,000 students in Later Han • Ever-Normal Granary Policy, by 51 B.C.E. • to ensure supplies • Expansion • trade with West • development of “Silk Roads”

  10. II. The Qin and Han Empires B. Han Dynasty (cont’d) • Decline • Wang Mang—regent for minors takes over in 9 C.E. • reforms unsuccessful • 184 C.E.—“Yellow Turbans” • rebellion • messianic: Taipingdao • C. Han Scholarship, Art, and Technology • rediscovery of the Zhou period • Sima Qian (c. 145–90 B.C.E.) • The Historical Records (Shiji) • Ban Gu (d. 92 C.E.) • History of the Former Han • Dong Zhongshu (c. 179–104 B.C.E.)

  11. II. The Qin and Han Empires • D. The “Confucian” Woman of the Han • Liu Xiang, (79–8 B.C.E.)Biographies of Heroic Women • Ban Zhao (45–116 C.E.), Lessons for Women • E. Religious Daoism and Buddhism

  12. II. The Qin and Han Empires • F. China and Foreign Trade: The Silk Roads • silk for horses, woolens • especially trade with Rome

More Related