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THE RISE OF AFRICAN CIVILIZATIONS

THE RISE OF AFRICAN CIVILIZATIONS HANS VISCHER : (1906) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SAHARA = WORLD’S LARGEST DESERT . A VAST AND DIVERSE CONTINENT

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THE RISE OF AFRICAN CIVILIZATIONS

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  1. THE RISE OF AFRICAN CIVILIZATIONS HANS VISCHER: (1906) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SAHARA = WORLD’S LARGEST DESERT

  2. A VAST AND DIVERSE CONTINENT AFRICA_____________________________________ RAIN FOREST = 10% / HOT & STEAMY _____________________= MOST OF AFRICA / DRY GRASSLANDS 1000 MILES ANIMALS =______________________ NORTH & SOUTH = DESERTS N=SAHARA / S=KALAHARI ALONG MEDITERRANEAN SEA @ NORTHWEST & SOUTH = ______________________________________

  3. BERBERS 1ST___________________________________________________________________________________________HORSE/DONKEY UNTIL ROMAN’S BROUGHT CAMELS “SHIPS OF THE DESERT” 100s /1000s TOGETHER _______________________________________________FOR GOLD/IVORY FROM W. AFRICA TRADE =____________________________________

  4. RISE OF GHANA (400s) GHANA = “CROSSROADS OF TRADE” ARMY - IRON WEAPONS (200,000) / TAX = WEALTH CONQUERED NEIGHBORS ______________________________________________________________________________________________ FALL OF GHANA (1200s) GOLD DISCOVERED OUTSIDE AREA =_________________ SOIL DEPLEATED = ______________________GHANA =_____________________________________________________________________________________________

  5. RISE OF MALI _____________________=“__________________” (1230-1255) SEIZED GHANA & CONTROL OF ATLANTIC COAST TO TIMBUKTU _______________________= CONTROL OF GOLD & SALT TRADE _________________________________________________(1312-1337) MALI CENTER OF EDUCATION, TRADE, & COMMERCE MALI = LARGEST EMPIRE IN WORLD (BUT NOT WELL KNOWN)

  6. RISE OF SONGHAI (c.100yrs) SUNNI ALI(1468-1492 )___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ARAB KINGDOM OF MOROCCO (1591) CROSSED SAHARA & CONQUEREDSONGHAI USING GUNS & CANNONS

  7. KINGDOMS OF THE RAINFOREST RAINFOREST BLOCKED INVADERS /PROVIDED RESOURCES ______________________________________________ RAINFOREST KINGDOMS ______________________________________________________________________________________________RF- TRADED SURPLUS FOOD/CRAFTS FOR COPPER, SALT, LEATHER TRADED CAPTIVES OF WAR WITH EUROPEANS

  8. EAST AFRICA ETHIOPIA – trace heritage to“QueenMakeda” of SABA Glory of Kings = Makeda visits King Solomon (Israelites) who introduced Judaism Saba declined but Abyssinia (ancient Ethiopia) did not Power = city-state Axum (Red Sea) trade w/ Med & East King Ezanaof Axum defeated Kush = trading routes (AD300) King Ezana - Converts to Christianity in AD334 Arab Muslim Traders settled in East Africa East African & Arab Muslims shared goods and ideas Ports of Mogadishu, Kilwa, Mombasa, Zanzibar

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