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Spatial scale (zonal wavenumber). Atmospheric sciences at a glance. 0. External forcings: Human Solar Lunar Volcano. AMO AMM PDO ENSO IOD TBO QBO Drought. Current mean state (3-cell,Walker,polar vortex,AO/AAO) Glacier cycle Global Warming. 1. MJO BSIO CCEW. Monsoon. Diurnal variation.
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Spatial scale (zonal wavenumber) Atmospheric sciences at a glance 0 External forcings: Human Solar Lunar Volcano AMO AMM PDO ENSO IOD TBO QBO Drought Current mean state (3-cell,Walker,polar vortex,AO/AAO) Glacier cycle Global Warming 1 MJO BSIO CCEW Monsoon Diurnal variation GCM resolved 10 Tropical cyclones Midlatitude cyclones Polar lows Heat waves Feedbacks: Radiation (T, q, cloud, ice, CO2, aerosol) ocean-atmosphere, land-atmosphere, circulation-heating 100 Mesoscale convective system 1000 Convective updrafts/ downdrafts GCM physics • 5 Directions of Research: • Phenomena: structure, budgets • Teleconnection/Attribution • Feedback: theory, observational analysis • Scale-interaction, effect on extreme events • Prediction: dynamical, statistical 10000 Shallow convection Microphysics Radiation Turbulence 1 min 1 hr 1 day 1 mon 1 yr 10 yr 100 yr Time scale