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Pecan Weevil Update

Pecan Weevil Update. Sherry Sanderson Chief Entomology and Nursery Industries Bureau New Mexico Department of Agriculture. Biology . 2-3 year life cycle Adult emerges, feeds and lays egg in gel stage of pecan nut Larvae feed on the pecan nutlet

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Pecan Weevil Update

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  1. Pecan Weevil Update Sherry Sanderson Chief Entomology and Nursery Industries Bureau New Mexico Department of Agriculture

  2. Biology • 2-3 year life cycle • Adult emerges, feeds and lays egg in gel stage of pecan nut • Larvae feed on the pecan nutlet • Larvae drills a hole in pecan nut and drop to the ground • Larvae tunnels 12” to 24” inches into soil

  3. American Hickory Hosts Pecan

  4. Location Pecan Weevil is found from New York to Iowa to Oklahoma, and across the southeastern states. In Texas, the weevil is found in 131 counties.

  5. Eradication Efforts • Emergence Monitoring • Insecticide Applications • Cold Treatment • Cleaning Plant Inspections • Import Inspections

  6. Emergence Monitoring • Counties monitored • Dona Ana, Luna, Otero • Emergence traps placed in orchards and yard • Determine adult emergence • Nutlet monitoring • Sampled to determine stage • Applications were started during water stage – prior to gel stage or upon weevil capture

  7. Insecticide Applications • Prior to gel stage • Labeled rates of Fury® and/or Sevin XLR® • Applications • July/August-September • Every 7-10 days • Owner responsible for spraying • Contractor hired

  8. Trapping Results 2003 • Trapped 7 pecan weevils in infested areas • 6 weevils in Dona Ana County • 1 weevil in Otero County • Pecan nuts found by inspectors with pecan weevil larvae exit hole • 0 nuts in Dona Ana County orchard • 0 nuts in Luna County backyard • 0 nuts in Otero County orchard

  9. Cleaning Plant Inspections • Hired 4 temporary inspectors • Areas inspected (# of cleaning plants inspected) • Pecos Valley - 15 • Otero County - 7 • Mesilla Valley • North Valley - 14 • South Valley - 20 • Luna County - 2 • Sierra County - 1 • Cleaning plants inspected twice weekly • November, 2002 to February, 2003 • Inspected trash piles, seconds, etc.

  10. Harvest • Pecans at infested orchards • Cleaned at one facility • Cold treatment • 7 days (168 hrs) at 0 degrees F • Cleaning Trash • Subjected to cold treatment prior to disposal • Custom Harvesting • Monitored all movement and cleaning of equipment

  11. House Survey • Deming (houses in a 10 block (E-W & N-S) • 42 houses with pecan trees inspected – No evidence of pecan weevil • Tularosa and Alamogordo • Inspector randomly inspected pecan trees in Tularosa and Alamogordo area - No evidence of pecan weevil

  12. Imported Pecans • Interstate/Intrastate • Master Permits • Alabama • Texas • Random checks of retail areas • inspections - 67 • International • Compliance agreements with importers • Check all certifications • Trash disposal requirements • Inspect loads

  13. What Next • Otero County • 1 weevil captured • Spray – 2 more years • Dona Ana County • 6 weevil captured • Spray – 2 more years

  14. Western Pecan Growers Association Pecan Task Force New Mexico State University Otero County Pecan Growers Association Otero County Cooperative Extension Service Texas Agricultural Extension Service, Bill Ree Agriliance Rose Garcia, Juan Gamon, Bill Guthrie, Barbara Sharpe NMDA staff Acknowledgements

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