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Mitigation and adaptation strategies with respect to impacts of climate change/variability and natural disasters in RA-I

Mitigation and adaptation strategies with respect to impacts of climate change/variability and natural disasters in RA-II region by H. P. Das Division of Agricultural Meteorology India Meteorological Department.

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Mitigation and adaptation strategies with respect to impacts of climate change/variability and natural disasters in RA-I

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  1. Mitigation and adaptation strategies with respect to impacts of climate change/variability and natural disasters in RA-II region by H. P. Das Division of Agricultural Meteorology India Meteorological Department

  2. Agrometeorological adaptative strategies to mitigate the impacts of climate change and variability • Adaptation measures designed to anticipate the potential effects of climate change can help to offset many of the negative effects. Adaptation measures that ameliorate the impacts of present day climate variability include sea defences, institutional adaptations, plant breeding and adoption of new technologies in agriculture. • Adjustment of planting dates to minimize the effect of temperature increase-induced spikelet sterility can be used to reduce yield instability, by avoiding having the flowering period to coincide with the hottest period. • Adaptation measures to reduce the negative effects of increased climatic variability as normally experienced in arid and semi-arid tropics may include changing the cropping calendar to take advantage of the wet period and to avoid extreme weather events (e.g., typhoons and storms) during the growing season.

  3. Agrometeorological adaptative strategies to mitigate the impacts of climate change and variability(Contd…) • Crop varieties that are resistant to lodging (e.g., short rice cultivars) may withstand strong winds during the sensitive stage of crop growth. • A combination of farm level adaptations and economic adjustments such as increased investment in agriculture infrastructure and reallocation of land and water would be desired in the agricultural sector. • Other adaptive options included developing cultivars resistant to climate change; adopting new farm techniques that will respond to the management of crops under stressful conditions, plant pests and disease; design and development of efficient farm implements.

  4. Regional Adaptative strategies

  5. Regional Adaptative strategies(Contd..)

  6. Regional Adaptative strategies(Contd..)

  7. Regional Adaptative strategies(Contd..)

  8. Soil carbon sequestration and mitigating climate change • With increased focus on climate change and the development of the Kyoto Protocol and other international treaties which may emerge, soil conservation through carbon (C) sequestration reduces the net CO2 emission by systematically removing CO2 from the atmosphere, thereby mitigating climate change. This adds an important new dimension to the issues of soil conservation, namely, the economic benefits gained from creating and trading C credits on the international C market. • This is a classic ‘win-win’ situation, being a cost-effective and natural process of mitigating climate change with no adverse ecological impacts compared to oceanic and geological sequestration strategies.

  9. Soil Carbon sequestration in India • Bio-sequestration of C, both by soil and biota, is a truly win-win situation. While improving agronomic/biomass productivity, these options also improve water quality and mitigate climate change by decreasing the rate of enrichment of atmospheric CO2. • Realization of this vast potential, which is in interest of India, requires adoption of recommended management practices including the use of mulch farming and conservation tillage, integrated nutrient management and manuring, agroforestry systems, restoration of eroded and salinized soils, and conversion of agriculturally marginal lands into restorative land uses.

  10. IN INDIA

  11. Strategies of carbon sequestration in soils of China Soil degradation exacerbates depletion of SOC because of reduction in biomass production and low amounts of residues returned to the soil. The low level of SOC concentration in soils of China can be enhanced by • Restoration of degraded soils, • Conversion of agriculturally marginal soils to pastures or forest lands, • Adoption of RMPs on cropland.

  12. Table 7 The soil organic carbon dynamics in three land use systems for Lingyou and Qingan sites in the Loess Plateau region Soil bulk density are taken from those of the Loess soils reported by Xiubin et al. (2002).

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