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World History

World History. The Early Beginnings of Mankind. The First Humans. “Theories on prehistory and early man constantly change as new evidence comes to light.” - Louis Leakey, British paleoanthropologist. Terms to Know. Prehistory Anthropology Archaeology Paleontology Artifacts

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World History

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  1. World History The Early Beginnings of Mankind

  2. The First Humans “Theories on prehistory and early man constantly change as new evidence comes to light.” - Louis Leakey, British paleoanthropologist

  3. Terms to Know • Prehistory • Anthropology • Archaeology • Paleontology • Artifacts • Hominid

  4. Radiocarbon Dating • Used to determine the age of artifacts and fossils • “Lucy” was unearthed in 1974 by Donald Johanson • Radiocarbon dated to 3.2 million years old • Had apelike features

  5. Hominid Groups • Homo Habilis • 1.5 million years ago • Homo Erectus • At its height 200,000 to 100,000 BCE • Speech by 50,000 BCE • Made Spears and Clubs to hunt with • Remains found on Africa, Europe, Asia • Homo Sapien • 200,000 to 10,000 BCE

  6. Early Discoveries

  7. STAGES OF EARLY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT • 4,000,000 - 1,000,000 BCE • - Australopithecus • 1,500,000 – 250,000 BCE • - Homo Habalis Paleolithic Age 2,500,000 – 10,000 BCE • 250,000 – 30,000 BCE • - Homo Erectus • 30,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE • - Homo Sapiens

  8. PALEOLITHIC AGE2,500,000 BCE – 8,000 BCE • Made Stone Tools • Hunter/Gatherer Roles • Bands of 20-30 members (typically related) • Men = Hunters & Women = Gatherers • Nomadic Cultures • Migrate from Place to Place • Often Times Used Caves for Shelter

  9. Stage 1 4,000,000 BCE – 1,000,000 BCE Hominids – Any member of the family of two legged primates; including all humans Apposable Thumbs Australopithecines

  10. Stage 1 HOMO HABILIS “man with ability” • Found in East Africa • Created Stone Tools

  11. Stage 2 1,500,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE Homo Erectus “Upright Person” • Bipedalism • Larger and More Varied Tools • First Hominid to Migrate from Africa to Eurasia • First to Use Fire

  12. Stage 3 200,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE HOMO SAPIENS “Wise Human Being” • Neanderthals (200,000 – 30,000 BCE) • Made Clothes from Animal Hides • 1st to Bury their Dead • Cro-Magnons (40,000 – 10,000 BCE) • 1st Homo Sapiens Sapiens?

  13. Homo Sapiens Sapiens in Europe

  14. The Neolithic Age • “Neolithic” = “New Stone” Age • 10,000 BCE – 4,000 BCE • Gradual Shift From: • Nomadic Lifestyle --- Sedentary Lifestyle • Hunting/Gathering --- Domesticated Agriculture • The Agricultural Revolution • Developed Independently Throughout the World • “Slash & Burn” Farming Middle East India Cent. America China SE Asia 8000 BCE 7000 BCE 6500 BCE 6000 BCE 5000 BCE

  15. The Agricultural Revolution Why do you think the development of agriculture occured around the same time in various places on Earth with limited/no contact between civilizations?

  16. The Agricultural Revolution Why do some archaeologists believe that women were the first farmers?

  17. Early Settled Communities • Growing crops on a regular basis made possible the support of expanding populations • More permanent, sedentary communities began to emerge • 9,000 BCE: The earliest Agricultural Settlement emerged at JARMO in modern day Iraq • Primary Crop was wheat

  18. Early Settled Communities • 8000 BCE: Largest Early Settlement at Catal Huyuk (Modern Turkey) • 6000 inhabitants • 12 cultivated crops • Emergence of a Division of Labor • Organized Religion • Small Military

  19. Early Settled Communities Çatal Hüyük

  20. The Agricultural Revolution What role did the food supply play in shaping the nomadic life of hunter-gatherers and the settled life of farmers?

  21. Why is the "Neolithic Revolution" a turning point in human history?

  22. What is the next step in the development of human settlements?

  23. CITIES ! CIVILIZATIONS !!

  24. Advanced Cities Advanced Technology CIVILIZATION Specialized Workers Record- Keeping Complex Institutions

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