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Explosions

Explosions. Hazards and Prevention. Introduction.

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Explosions

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  1. Explosions Hazards and Prevention

  2. Introduction • An explosion is actually a rapid, often very rapid, expansion of gases. Sometimes fire or a high pressure shock wave may go along with it. In order to prevent explosions we need to become familiar with substances that can explode, learn the conditions under which they will, learn proper procedures to prevent explosions and have an emergency plan for worst case scenario.

  3. Materials That Can Explode • Explosives like dynamite, blasting caps, industrial explosive materials, or industrial gun cartridges. • Flammable materials especially confined vapors and gases • Vapors and gases produced from operating equipment

  4. Materials That Can Explode Cont… • Ruptured or valve failure in compressed gas cylinders of large pressure vessels like steam boilers • Some chemicals can explode if mixed with incompatible substances. Some will even explode if exposed to air or water

  5. Explosive Categories • Class A- Most hazardous, includes dynamite, nitroglycerine etc. • Class B- Dangerous especially in confined spaces. Items such as propellants, photographic flash powders etc. • Class C- Least dangerous, includes certain manufactured articles that contain class A and B explosives. Fireworks would be a good example

  6. Factors That Increase Risk • Mixing incompatible chemicals • Storing or using chemicals beyond their shelf life • Overheated, poorly maintained, or sparking machinery • Oil leaks that soak into flammable materials • Poor ventilation, especially in confined spaces

  7. Factors That Increase Risk Cont… • Dust- grain silos • Static electricity • Friction from tools, machinery, and/or welding and cutting equipment that creates sparks

  8. Preventative Measures • Store explosives in approved containers. Store in a clean, well ventilated area away from heat sources • Dispose of old explosives (should be done by a professional) • Use appropriate safety devices such as safety disks that vent or release dangerous pressure levels in a cylinder or pressure vessel

  9. Safe Work Procedures • Don’t smoke around anything that will burn or explode • Watch out for heat build-up in containers or in the air • Be especially careful with explosives in confined spaces • Keep explosives away from heat sources

  10. Safe Work Procedures Cont… • Clean up spills and keep work areas clean • Use properly grounded containers for transferring flammables • Keep reactive chemicals away from each other • Be sure ventilation equipment is working properly

  11. Safe Work Procedures Cont… • Don’t dump flammables on the ground • Know and use your MSDS sheets paying particular attention to: • Flash Point- Minimum temperature at which a liquid can give off enough vapors to ignite • Flammability limits- The safe minimum or maximum amounts of vapor in the air

  12. Instructor’s Guide • Discuss any chemicals at your job-site that may be explosive • Bring a MSDS to the safety meeting and review the flammable limits • Discuss any pressurized vessels that could be an explosion hazard • Discuss applying heat or open flame to pressure vessels

  13. Instructor’s Guide Cont… • Review proper use, handling and storage of explosives if your mine uses explosives • Review any accidents or incidents involving explosions at your location • Review the quiz

  14. Quiz • A rapid expansion of gas is called an explosion. T or F • The least dangerous category of explosives is class A. T or F • Dynamite and nitroglycerin would be class C explosives. T or F • Flashpoint is the minimum temperature at which a liquid will give off enough vapors to ignite. T or F

  15. Quiz Cont… • Class B explosives are dangerous in confined spaces. T or F • Flammability limits are the safe minimum and maximum amounts of vapor or gas in the air. T or F • Some chemicals can explode if they are mixed with compatible substances. T or F

  16. Quiz Cont… • Explosive substances do not need to be kept in separate posted building or areas. T or F • Stable chemicals will not become explosive if they become to old. T or F • Static electricity is an explosion hazard. T or F

  17. Answer Sheet • T 6. T • F 7. F • F 8. F • T 9. F • T 10. T

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