High Performance Buildings and the Advanced Buildings Benchmark Design Guide

1. High Performance Buildingsand the Advanced Buildings Benchmark Design Guide Lee DeBaillie, P.E. - Energy Center of Wisconsin

2. What is High Performance? Human Needs Optimize Economic Reality Low Environmental Impact High Performance/Green/Sustainable www.ecw.org

3. Human Economic Environmental What is High Performance? 35% Total Energy 65% Electricity 35% US CO2 ASHRAE 90.1 90% of time indoors ASHRAE 62.1 and 55 Optimize $228 Billion Energy $450 Billion US GDP ASHRAE 90.1 High Performance/Green www.ecw.org

4. What’s out thereStandards, Codes, Rating Systems, Guides… ASHRAE Standard 90.1 Energy Policy Act of 2005 Advanced Buildings Reference Guide ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guide Series ASHRAE GreenGuide Net Zero Buildings International Energy Conservation Code State Energy Codes ASHRAE Standard 189P Advanced Buildings Benchmark Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Energy Star Buildings www.ecw.org

5. What’s out thereStandards, Codes, State Codes - Energy Efficiency • ASHRAE 90.1 • Standard for Energy Efficient Design • International Energy Conservation Code • International Code Council • Easier to enforce, less flexible, allows 90.1 • State Energy Codes • WI: IECC2000/90.1-1989/+Wisconsinisms • IL: IECC2000+01/90.1-1999 (effective 4/8/06) • IA: IECC2004/90.1-2004 (4/1/06 begin interim period; mandatory Oct 1st) www.ecw.org

6. What’s out thereReference Guides…Energy Efficiency • ASHRAE GreenGuide • Targeted to HVAC designers • Classic energy efficiency approaches • ASHRAE 90.1 User’s Manual • Detailed background on standard requirements • Application guidance, fundamentals • Advanced Buildings Reference Guide • www.poweryourdesign.com • Targeted to all building systems www.ecw.org

7. What’s out thereDesign Guides…Energy Efficiency • Advanced Buildings Benchmark • Mid-Sized Commercial Buildings • 15%-30% over 90.1-2001 • Simple design criteria, integrated design • ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guide Series • Small Office: 30% over 90.1-1999, <20,000ft2 • Small Retail soon: 30% over 90.1-1999, <20,000ft2 • Medium Commercial in works: 30% over 90.1-2004 • One page of recommendations, integrated design www.ecw.org

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9. What’s out thereMiscellaneous… • Energy Star Buildings • Energy Efficiency Rating System www.energystar.gov • Actual performance • Energy Policy Act 2005 • $1.80/ft2 tax deduction – commercial • Commercial buildings 50% over 90.1-2001 • In service between 2006-2007 • Many details, see: www.efficientbuildings.org • Net Zero Buildings • The future… www.ecw.org

10. What’s out thereRating Systems…Sustainability • Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) • Sites/water/energy/materials/IEQ • ASHRAE/USGBC/IESNA Standard 189P: • Standard for the Design of High Performance Green Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings • New Committee – available in 2007 • “Code ready”…minimum performance • Baseline for High Performance Buildings • Borrows from LEED…LEED will drive higher www.ecw.org

11. What is Advanced Buildings? • A program to promote High Performance Buildings through training, tours, guidebooks, and website. • Developed by the New Buildings Institute and Energy Center of Wisconsin. • Sponsored by a group of 20 utilities, efficiency organizations, and public benefits programs around the country. • Program is used by utilities for energy efficient new construction programs (but any firm can use resources in-house). www.ecw.org

12. Focus of Advanced Buildings • Encourage and simplify the design of high performance buildings. • Focus on mid-sized commercial buildings (20,000-80,000 ft2). • Common types: office, education, retail, clinic, & storage. www.ecw.org

13. Attributes of Mid-Sized Commercial Buildings • Designed fast, built fast • Standardized designs, proven technologies • Too small to justify detailed energy studies, large enough to use lots of energy. • Discrete design among disciplines. • Owner or tenant occupied, or speculative shell. www.ecw.org

14. Websitewww.poweryourdesign.com www.ecw.org

15. Training, Tours, Virtual Tours www.poweryourdesign.com/trainingresources.htm www.ecw.org

16. The Guidelines • Benefits Guide - (Why do it) Making the business case for high performance buildings to owners and developers. • Benchmark - (What to do) Design guidelines. • Reference Guide - (How to do it) Detailed information on the design guidelines, recent research results, cost estimates, further resources. • LEED Guide - Relationship of Benchmark to the LEED rating system. Free at www.poweryourdesign.com www.ecw.org

17. Benchmark Design Guide www.ecw.org

18. USING THE BENCHMARK What to Do (Prescriptive Requirements) When to do it (The delivery process) • Documentation • Commissioning • Envelope • Mechanical • Lighting • Power Coordination (Integrated Design) www.ecw.org

19. BenchmarkFollows the ideal sustainable design approach… On-site generation Net Zero Commissioning Commissioning Improve System Efficiency Benchmark Prescriptive Requirements Delivery Process Benchmark Reduce Loads Integrated Design Benchmark Energy Consumption www.ecw.org

20. BenchmarkIntegrated Design www.ecw.org

21. INTEGRATED DESIGN STRATEGY TRADITIONAL PROCESS Architecture Owner Architect HVAC Lighting Engineer Owner Needs Contractors Site Owner www.ecw.org

22. Benchmark & Reference GuidesIntegrated Design • The Reference Guide provides an overview of integrated design from pre-design through acceptance. For each design phase there is a: • Design Process Flowchart • Checklist of design issues • Discussion of important activities • Documentation requirements • The Benchmark maps each performance requirement to the point in the design process where it needs to be addressed and by whom. This provides a ready list of technical issues to be resolved at each stage of the design process. www.ecw.org

23. Basic Criteria All Projects plus, either Prescriptive Criteria Simulation Criteria (10% to 30% beyond (30% and 50% beyond ASHRAE 90.1) ASHRAE 90.1) Extra Credit Criteria BenchmarkPrescriptive Requirements • Efficient Systems • Provides design criteria such as: R-values, kW/ton, W/ft2, etc. • Also goal setting, documentation, and commissioning. Acceptance Testing www.ecw.org

24. Basic - AIR BARRIER • Air Barrier - • Must be continuous • Air-tight • Connected to: • Foundation and walls • Walls and windows/doors • Wall and roof • Wall and floor • Penetrations sealed www.ecw.org

25. Prescriptive - Windows www.ecw.org

26. Prescriptive – Lighting Power www.ecw.org

27. Benchmark Economics • The Benchmark is based on cost-benefit analysis of energy savings measures across: • Mid-sized commercial building types such as office, big box retail, schools, supermarkets, etc. • All U.S. climate zones • National range of energy costs www.ecw.org

28. $1.07/sf $0.39/sf/yr $.98/sf $0.38/sf/yr $1.03/sf $0.38/sf/yr 1.06/sf $0.38/sf/yr $1.06/sf $0.38/sf/yr $1.07/sf $0.38/sf/yr $1.00/sf $0.37/sf/yr $1.07/sf $0.39/sf/yr $0.91/sf $0.39/sf/yr $0.91/sf $0.40/sf/yr $0.67/sf $0.41/sf/yr $0.73/sf $0.41/sf/yr $1.03/sf $0.40/sf/yr Top Number: Increased Capital Cost Bottom Number: Annual Energy Savings Office Building Economics www.ecw.org

29. Economics - Office • National Average - All building types, climates, utility rates • Saves $0.40/ft2 in energy costs annually (relative to ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2001) • For an additional $1.00/ft2 in capital cost. www.ecw.org

30. Benchmark and ASHRAE 90.1 • Benchmark is simple – only 21 criteria must be satisfied. ASHRAE 90.1 must be more flexible (and hence more complicated) to handle more building types. • Benchmark shoots higher. Total energy savings exceed ASHRAE 90.1-2001 by 15-30 percent. • Benchmark provides information on how to do things. • Benchmark provides support for an integrated design process: when things should be considered and by whom. • Benchmark addresses additional energy systems such as plug loads and refrigeration. • The Reference Guide provides background, research, design, and cost information on implementing the energy savings measures. www.ecw.org

31. Benchmark and 90.1Office Building Prototype www.ecw.org

32. Point Distribution www.ecw.org

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34. Benchmark and LEED • Similar situation in LEED-NC v2.2 - now earn automatic point under EA for Benchmark compliance – can avoid building simulation. • The LEED Guide provides detailed information on mapping the Advanced Buildings requirements to potential LEED points. www.ecw.org

35. The Future… • Future Improvements to the Benchmark • Update to exceed ASHRAE 90.1-2004 • Provide more case studies • Provide more on HVAC and controls • Provide more field research results • Merge with ASHRAE Advanced Design Guide Series…? www.ecw.org

36. The Future… • Sustainable design market is opening to those who: • Can cross discipline boundaries. • Approach the building as an integrated system. • Can quickly evaluate and quantify design options and new technologies at an early stage of design. • Can manage the risk of new approaches. www.ecw.org

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41. Advanced Buildingswww.poweryourdesign.com High Performance Building Case Studies www.advancedbuildings.net More on the tax creditswww.energytaxincentives.org/TIAP_commercial-position_11-14-05.pdf   Lee DeBaillie, P.E. Energy Center of Wisconsin ldebaillie@ecw.org 608-238-8276 x111 www.ecw.org