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Speed-accuracy Trade-off in Dwell-based Eye Pointing Tasks at Different Cognitive Levels. Xinyong Zhang, Pianpian Xu , Qing Zhang and Hongbin Zha . In Proceedings of the 1st international workshop on pervasive eye tracking & mobile eye-based interaction (PETMEI '11). 2011.
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Speed-accuracy Trade-off in Dwell-based Eye Pointing Tasks at Different Cognitive Levels Xinyong Zhang, PianpianXu, Qing Zhang and HongbinZha. InProceedings of the 1st international workshop on pervasive eye tracking & mobile eye-based interaction (PETMEI '11). 2011. ACM, New York, NY, USA, pp37-42.
Dwell-based selection ACCURACY SPEED MIDAS TOUCH 100ms Typical Dwell time 3000ms Illustration adapted from Leishman
“The cognitive complexity of target searching is a crucial factor that can affect gaze-based interactions.” Previous research is oversimplified
During gaze-basedvisual search the eyes play a dual role of perception and control organs
Conducted an experiment to explore the effects of different dwell times on human performance under different degrees of complexity (cognitive load).
Study • Participants: 21 (10 female, 11 male) non-native English speakers. • Apparatus: EyeLink II eye tracker (in pupil-only mode and at a sampling rate of 250Hz). • repeated measures within-subject design • Dwell time: Four dwell time levels: 450, 650, 850 and 1100 ms • 3 levels of complexity
For non-native English speakers, different lengths of text strings imply different complexities of visual search. Table showing the 3 levels of complexity
searching time increased withthe increase of cognitive complexity Average eye searching time by combination of task complexity and dwell time.
A dwell time of 850ms would be suitable for the targets labeled using a simple word. Error rate by combination of task complexity and dwell time.