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The Industrial Revolution in America. Social relations transformed. I. The Great Transformation. Cottage industry. B. “American System” of manufacturing. 1. Samuel Slater Slater 2. War of 1812 3. John H. Hall - interchangeable parts. 4. Textiles – “leading industry
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The Industrial Revolution in America Social relations transformed
I. The Great Transformation • Cottage industry
B. “American System” of manufacturing 1. Samuel Slater Slater 2. War of 1812 3. John H. Hall- interchangeable parts
4. Textiles – “leading industry - production under one roof - control over mode of production - factory life and social change
II. New work, new workers Origins of the American working class
A. Decline of the artisan • Declining need for skilled labor • Production, place & control- new obligations
B. Finding workers • Company towns • Lowell girls
C. Immigration • 1820-1830: 151,000 1830-1840: 600,000 1840-1850: + 1M Demographic growth, cultural revolution
2. Out of Ireland 3. German immigration
D. Survival strategies 1. (1st / 2nd generation) - tenements - religion - neighborhoods/ communities 2. Leisure
3. Nativism - racist - protestant “Know-Nothings”
E. “Blue collar” America • Factory discipline “wage slaves” - working conditions - living conditions
F. Labor & republicanism • Free Labor Ideology “Eight hours for work, eight hours for sleep, eight hours for what we will”