1 / 11

Mastering Metric System Conversions

Learn the fundamentals of the metric system, including measurements for length, mass, temperature, and volume. Explore conversion techniques using dimensional analysis and conversion factors. Understand significant figures and rounding off rules for accurate measurements.

hayers
Download Presentation

Mastering Metric System Conversions

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Ch 5 Measurements Scientific measurements are based on the metric system. This is a decimal based system that uses a system of prefixes to relate the magnitude of the quantity. It is essential that you are able to work fluently in the metric system.

  2. Metric Quantities • The standard unit of length is the meter (m) • The standard measure of mass is the gram (g) • The standard unit of Temperature is Celsius (C) or Kelvin (K) Tk = Tc + 273.15 • The standard unit of volume is either: • Cubic centimeters (cc) 1 m = 1,000,000 cm3 • Liters (L) 1 L = 1000 mL • Milliliters (mL) 1 mL = 1 cc

  3. Converting metric/metricConverting metric/english • How many decimal places do I move it?? • Please do not ask this question or use this technique. We will use a system of conversion called dimensional analysis. It converts values using factors of one that have both the known and unknown quantities in them. We will use the same technique for m/m and m/e conversions.

  4. Conversion Factors • A conversion factor is a ratio of one that includes the known and unknown quantities. • First find an equality between the known and unknown. 1.609 km = 1.0 mi • Turn it into a ratio with the unknown desired quantity in the numerator 1.609 km • Multiply the ratio by the known value 1.0 mi

  5. Example #1 • Convert a 10.0 km race to miles • Known quantity is 10.0 miles • Known equality is 1.609 km = 1.0 miles • The ratio used is 1.0 mi • Use initial quantity x conversion factor = answer 10.0 km x 1.0 mi = 6.22 mi 1.609 km 1.609 km

  6. Rounding Off & Significant Figures • It is important to be honest when reporting a measurement, so that it does not appear to be more accurate than the equipment used to make the measurement allows. We can achieve this by controlling the number of digits, or significant figures, used to report the measurement. • Use the rules of significant figures whenever you are reporting a calculated value derived from collected or given data

  7. Rules for Significant Figures • Non-zero integers are always significant. The number 23.43 has four significant figures • Zeros within a number are always significant. Both 4308 and 40.05 contain four significant figures. • Zeros that do nothing but set the decimal point are not significant. Thus, 470,000 has two significant figures. • Trailing zeros that aren't needed to hold the decimal point are significant. Thus, 4.00 has three significant figures. • Zeros prior to a number less than 1 are not significant. Thus, 0.000203 has 3 significant figures

  8. 15.02 four 15.0 three 0.01502 four 100 one 276.2 four 400.0 four 8.9 two 4002 four How many significant figures?

  9. Add/Subtract Round the answer to the least significant decimal place Multiply/Divide Round your answer to the number of significant figures contained in the least precise number Rules for Calculating

  10. Example #2 • Calculate 1.302 + 0.26 = • Answer = 1.56 • Calculate 6,020 – 17.36 = • Answer = 6000 • Calculate 9.81 * 75 = • Answer = 740 • Calculate 6.022  0.0405 = • Answer = 149

More Related