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CHAPTER 7: ROAD TO REVOLUTION How does America go from complacent colony to fiery revolution?

CHAPTER 7: ROAD TO REVOLUTION How does America go from complacent colony to fiery revolution?. 2 KEY IDEAS 1-REPUBLICANISM The rights of the people to control their destiny 2-INFLUENCE OF THE WHIGS Those who dislike the king. “INSURRECTION OF THOUGHT USUALLY PRECEDES INSURRECTION OF DEED”.

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CHAPTER 7: ROAD TO REVOLUTION How does America go from complacent colony to fiery revolution?

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  1. CHAPTER 7: ROAD TO REVOLUTIONHow does America go from complacent colony to fiery revolution? 2 KEY IDEAS 1-REPUBLICANISM The rights of the people to control their destiny 2-INFLUENCE OF THE WHIGS Those who dislike the king

  2. “INSURRECTION OF THOUGHT USUALLY PRECEDES INSURRECTION OF DEED” • COLONIES • “HAPHAZARD ACCUMULATION OF NEW WORLD LAND” • LAND OWNERSHIP=POLITICAL POWER

  3. MERCANTILISM • BRITISH VIEW—COLONISTS EXIST TO BENEFIT BRITAIN • WEALTH=POWER • MEASURE WEALTH WITH GOLD & SILVER • FAVORABLE BALANCE OF TRADE • STRONG CENTRAL GOV’T

  4. COLONISTS • TREATED AS TENANTS • 1-furnish products • 2-buy goods • 3-ensure navy is best by building ships, stores & increasing trade

  5. HOW TO ENFORCE MERCANTILISM?? • 1-NAVIGATION LAWS • Use English ships only • Not allowed to compete with English industries • Colonists not allowed to: • develop Banks • Print $ *drains gold reserves

  6. BENEFITS OF MERCANTILISM • 1-Price supports for ship parts • 2-Virginia has a monopoly on tobacco • 3-no cost for defense • 4-”trickle down” prosperity • 5-used by Spain & France too • *still used today—”protective tariff”

  7. PROBLEMS WITH MERCANTILISM • 1-stifled “economic initiative” • 2-southern colonies more profitable • 3-New England colonies—dislike favoritism-lack of econ. freedom • 4-Virginia—”land grab” • 5-Colonies being “used” for the benefit of the British crown

  8. Impact of French & Indian War on Colonies • 1-Proclamation Line of 1763—no colonies can go west of Appalachia • British can’t protect colonists from tribes & French—so not allowed to go west • 2-Sugar Act of 1764 • Increased the tax on foreign sugar imported from West Indies • $$$

  9. Impact continued • 3-STAMP ACT OF 1765 • MANDATORY USE OF STAMPED PAPER TO CERTIFY PAYMENT OF TAX • TAX PAYS FOR PROTECTION OF COLONISTS BY TROOPS • ----repealed in March 1766 4-ORDER NAVY TO ENFORCE NAVIGATION ACTS 5-QUARTERING ACT 6-USE ADMIRALITY COURTS FOR OFFENDERS

  10. Acts of Parliament continued Declaratory Act of 1766 -make laws for Americans in all things “Parliament had to be powerful or it would have no power at all” Townshend Acts of 1767 -tax on imports—lead, glass, paper, paint & tea (indirect/internal tax) -reorganize customs service -pays for Royal Gov’r & judges

  11. “NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION”!!! • Prime Minister-Grenville “Virtual” representation “direct” representation impossible Americans make distinction between—legislative actions & taxing

  12. PROTESTS • Boston Massacre 1770 • British fire on colonists • Starts as a “snowball fight” • Samuel Adams—”master of propaganda”; leader of Sons of Liberty • Brit reaction-----repeal all but tea tax

  13. MORE AMERICAN PROTESTS • Stamp Act Congress-1765 • Non-Importation Agreements • ¼ of all Brit exports go to colonies • ½ of all British shipping to colonies • Sons of Liberty • Customs agents “racketeers” • 1772-Committees of Correspondence

  14. BOSTON TEA PARTY 1773 • Britain gave Brit. East India Company a monopoly on tea • Sell tea to colonists at a low price, but Brit. Gov’t still gets $$$ • Protest-throw tea • into Boston Harbor

  15. INTOLERABLE ACTS OF 1774 • Closed port of Boston • Forbid gov’t meetings • Troops take over homes • Quebec Act—extend Quebec to Ohio River • Trials held in England for those accused of a crime in the colonies

  16. How does America go from complacent colony to fiery revolution? • Reasons/Answers:

  17. 1774-1st Continental Congress • “complete boycott” • No revolution/no independence • “The association” *April, 1775—shots fired at Lexington & Concord

  18. BRITAIN COLONIES • Advantages • Disadvantages • Advantages • Disadvantages

  19. Battle of Concord

  20. Loyalist Strongholds

  21. Phase I:The Northern Campaign[1775-1776]

  22. Phase II: NY & PA[1777-1778]

  23. Phase III:The Southern Strategy [1780-1781]

  24. North America After theTreaty of Paris, 1783

  25. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCEJULY 2, 1776 • "Yesterday the greatest question was decided which ever was debated in America; and a greater perhaps never was, nor will be, decided among men. A resolution was passed without one dissenting colony, that those United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States." (Letter to wife Abigail Adams, July 3, 1776)

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